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199 results for “intelligent system”
From Boston to Eden - or how to get systems that are really autonomous and sufficiently intelligent to survive in their niche
<p><a href="https://www.researchgate.net/project/Theoretical-artificial-intelligence/update/5e5f931a3843b0499fec8f6f?_iepl%5BviewId%5D=FMNsczWoobvAHwiOMdftISgB&_iepl%5Bcontexts%5D%5B0%5D=projectUpdatesLog&_iepl%5BinteractionType%5D=projectUpdateDetailClickThrough">From Boston to Eden - or how to get systems that are really autonomous and sufficiently intelligent to survive in their niche</a></p> <p>[lecture for the Dept. of AI, University of Groningen, Tuesday, March 3rd, 2020]</p> <p>As impressive as the robots of the Boston Dynamics company are (no AI involved) and as impressive the many results of deep learning are (no AI involved, either), the goal of creating autonomous, intelligent machines is as far away as it ever was. <br> In this presentation, I will give a brief overview of several deep-learning projects in our group. As a next step I will try to indicate <br> what may be missing, as regards 'real' AI. We may need a closer look at biological systems, i.e., the brain of animals. There exists a wide gap between the control systems at the low level of reflexive movement and the equilibria that need to be maintained ('Boston') versus the higher levels of processing, up to the levels of cognition and reasoning, which are very much upstairs ('Eden'). The missing middleware layer should not be underestimated: It contains the brain stem, up to the thalamus in animals and humans. <br> It corresponds to the 300-million year period before the 200 million years period where the neocortex was present. <br> What is this middleware doing? The conclusion may be that there is no autonomy without self protection, possible due to the presence of a separate and specialized valuation network that determines probability times utility (p*U), similar to what brain stem, midbrain and amygdala are doing in animals.</p>
Evaluating the Sustainability Impacts of Intelligent Carpooling Systems for SOV Commuters in the Atlanta Region
<p>This data repository provides the data used in the following research project supported by an NCST (UTC) grant: Evaluating the Sustainability Impacts of Intelligent Carpooling Systems for SOV Commuters in the Atlanta Region.</p> <p>Please refer to Data Format and Content in the research report for meta-data information</p> <p>1. ABM Trip Table (Data Set 1):<br> CarpoolSim_input.csv<br> 2. Traffic Analysis Zones (TAZ) Shapefiles (Data Set 2):<br> TAZ+ECs_TAZ.zip<br> 3. Employment Center Shapefiles (Data Set 3):<br> TAZ+ECs_TAZ.zip<br> 4. Shortest Paths (Data Set 4):<br> path_retention.zip<br> 5. Analytical Outputs (Data Set 5):<br> summ_stats_ind.csv<br> summ_stats.csv</p>
Intelligent Energy Systems Ontology: Local flexibility market and power system co-simulation demonstration
<p>The Intelligent Energy Systems Ontology (IESO) provides semantic interoperability within a society of multi-agent systems (MAS) developed in the scope of power and energy systems (PES). It leverages the knowledge from existing and publicly available semantic models developed for specific PES subdomains to accomplish a shared vocabulary among the agents of the MAS community, overcoming heterogeneity among the reused ontologies. IESO provides agents with semantic reasoning, constraints validation, and data uniformization. The use of IESO is demonstrated through the simulation of the management of a rural distribution network, considering the validation of the grid’s technical constraints. This dataset publishes files demonstrating: i) a snapshot of the initial semantic knowledge base (KB); ii) queries to the KB to get services inputs; iii) conversions between syntactic and semantic models; <br> iv) constraints validations; v) automatic conversion of units of measure.</p>
Canada's national artificial intelligence governance system: Dataset from interviews with 20 government leaders & subject matter experts
<p><strong>Summary</strong></p> <p>Anonymized aggregate data from interviews with 20 government leaders and subject matter experts. The data was collected as part of a study of Canada's national system of artificial intelligence governance. The data was collected from February 2023 to July 2023. The dataset contains 610 topics that emerged from thematic analysis of interview transcripts from July 2023 to October 2023. The contexts, actors, resources, networks, evaluations, logics, functional bounds, rules, ecosystem-level dynamics, opportunities for improvement, and other topics contained in the dataset collectively represent the most significant components of Canada's national AI governance system that emerged over the course of the interviews with the 20 participants.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Notes for interpreting this dataset</strong></p> <p>Topics in analytical dimensions 1, 3, and 6-11 contain counts of the frequency with which aggregate topics emerged across each of the interviews with the 20 participants. Topics in analytical dimensions 2, 4, and 5 contain categories instead of frequency counts: the topics in these dimensions represent every unique actor, resource, and network that emerged over the course of the interviews instead of aggregate topics. </p> <p>Column titles contain the following abbreviations:<br>LEAD: Interviews with leaders of public sector AI governance initiatives.<br>SME-PS: Interviews with subject matter experts employed in the private sector.<br>SME-CS: Interviews with subject matter experts employed in the academic or civil sectors.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Full report</strong></p> <p>A report containing more information about this dataset and about the findings of our study can be found on SSRN: <a href="https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4783525">https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4783525</a></p> <p> </p>
Data for Analysis for "A Framework for Adapting Conversational Intelligent Tutoring Systems to enable Collaborative Learning"
<p>This dataset includes, the data files for validating the statistical analysis from "A Framework for Adapting Conversational Intelligent Tutoring Systems to enable Collaborative Learning"</p> <p> </p> <p>The dataset is composed of 1500 files named following the pattern `Test-R-N-User-C-P.csv` where</p> <ul> <li>R is the n-th repetition. From 0 to 50</li> <li>N is the number of concurrent users. From 100 to 1000</li> <li>C is the treatment. chat for the framework version. chat-session for the legacy version.</li> <li>P is the problem number. 16 or 352.</li> </ul> <p>The data files corresponding to chat and problem 16 are those that in the paper are identified as Framework. The files por problem 352 are the collaborative version with students grouped.</p> <p>Each csv, is composed following the standard formate by Apache JMeter, and contains XX columns:</p> <ul> <li>timeStamp - UNIX timestamp of the request</li> <li>elapsed - Time taken to finish the request</li> <li>label - which step</li> <li>responseCode - HTTP response code</li> <li>responseMessage</li> <li>threadName</li> <li>dataType</li> <li>success - true|false</li> <li>failureMessage</li> <li>sentBytes</li> <li>grpThreads</li> <li>allThreads - Threads running</li> <li>URL - Endpoint URL</li> <li>Latency</li> <li>SampleCount</li> <li>ErrorCount - Cumulative amount of errors</li> <li>IdleTime </li> <li>Connect - Connection time</li> </ul> <p> </p>
Region-based Annotation Data of Fire Images for Intelligent Surveillance System
<p>This data presents fire segmentation annotation data on 12 commonly used and publicly available “VisiFire Dataset” videos from <a href="http://signal.ee.bilkent.edu.tr/VisiFire/">http://signal.ee.bilkent.edu.tr/VisiFire/</a>. This annotations dataset was obtained by per-frame, manual hand annotation over the fire region with 2,684 total annotated frames. Since this annotation provides per-frame segmentation data, it offers a new and unique fire motion feature to the existing video, unlike other fire segmentation data that are collected from different still images. The annotations dataset also provides ground truth for segmentation task on videos. With segmentation task, it offers better insight on how well a machine learning model understood, not only detecting whether a fire is present, but also its exact location by calculating metrics such as Intersection over Union (IoU) with this annotations data. This annotations data is a tremendously useful addition to train, develop, and create a much better smart surveillance system for early detection in high-risk fire hotspots area. </p>
Figure 4. CBR Implementation-Intelligent Flowcharting Developmental Approach to Legal Knowledge Based System
<p>The development of the case based reasoning module is in done in java net-beans. Proper<br> verification and validation of this module was done by the legal experts. The cases related to<br> Transfer of property act were collected from different legal databases and compiled. The necessary<br> keywords were framed, which were used in searching for the related cases. The following Fig 2.0<br> gives the screen shot of the CBR module develoed in Java Net beans.</p>
Fig 3 : VisiRule Implementation Module-1-Intelligent Flowcharting Developmental Approach to Legal Knowledge Based System
<p>The code of this flowchart is developed by the VisiRule in FLEX/ Prolog. As the source<br> code very huge it has not be incorporated in the paper.</p>
Figure 1 - VisiRule architecture-Intelligent Flowcharting Developmental Approach to Legal Knowledge Based System
<p>In the development of RBR we used the intelligent flowcharting approach. VisiRule is a tool<br> for creating decision support software purely by drawing flowcharts. The end result is Flex or<br> Prolog code which is automatically generated, compiled and ready to run, but which can also be<br> copied and used in a separate program. Not only can VisiRule be used by people with minimal<br> programming skills. VisiRule also enhances productivity by considerably reducing the time it takes<br> to produce a decision support system. VisiRule is an intelligent flowcharting tool in two senses.<br> Firstly, it is used to create knowledge-based systems and, secondly, it intelligently guides the<br> construction process by constraining what you can and can't do on the basis of the semantic content<br> of the emerging program. VisiRule provides the automatic construction of menu dialogues from<br> questions. These are populated by items inferred from expression boxes throughout the flowchart<br> tree which have a path to the question.</p>
BRAIN Journal-Brain-Like Artificial Intelligence for Automation-Figure 8. Modular Hierarchical Organization of the Human Perceptual System
<p>In order to perform complex tasks, neuro-symbols have to be connected to neuro-symbolic networks. For the structural organization of this neuro-symbolic network, the modular hierarchical organization of the human perceptual cortex as described by A. Luria [27] was taken as a blueprint (see Figure 8).</p>
BRAIN Journal-Brain-Like Artificial Intelligence for Automation-Figure 2. Two Possible Progress Scenarios for How to Reach Towards Machines and Systems with Human- Level Cognitive Skills
<p>Having identified the need for novel methods for machine recognition, situation assessment, and decision making in order to advance further in different automation domains, an important question is by what means can we reach such sophisticated mechanisms. The long-term goal in<br> mind is to construct machines and systems showing performances comparable to or even beyond human skill levels. In a guest talk at the Vienna University of Technology in 2008, Prof. Etienne Barnard, an expert in the field of Artificial Intelligence, made an interesting “conceptual suggestion” for two possible progress scenarios to reach this goal which could be summarized as depicted in Figure 2.</p>
BRAIN Journal-Brain-Like Artificial Intelligence for Automation-Figure 3. Basic "Components" of Artificial and Biological (Brain-Controlled) Automation Systems
<p>Although basing on different concepts concerning their details, artificial and biological (brain-controlled) automation systems show common points concerning their principal components (see Figure 3).</p>
Figure 2. Some screenshots from the software system-Design and Development of a Software System for Swarm Intelligence Based Research Studies
<p>All of the mentioned operations can be performed easily by using the provided controls over<br> the related interfaces – windows of each algorithm. It is also important that each algorithm interface<br> is supported by visual controls to view obtained results with typical iteration-based graphics or<br> problem oriented visual elements. For instance, resulting graph structures are automatically shown<br> by the algorithm interfaces after solving some specific, popular problems like Travelling Salesman<br> Problem (TSP), Vehicle Routing Problem (VCP)…etc. Visually improved using features and<br> functions of the software system are critical aspects to provide more effective and useful platform to<br> perform SI based research studies better.<br> Related to the designed and developed software system, some screenshots from the software<br> system [interfaces of two algorithms (IWDs and ABC)] are represented in Fig. 2.</p>
Figure 1. DiagAgentExpertDM architecture (adapted from Ioniță, 2014) -Intelligent System for Diagnosis of a Three-Phase Separator
<p>For the current hybrid system</p> <p>(DiagAgentExpertDM)</p> <p>, data from different sources and in</p> <p>various forms are preprocessed, in order to represe</p> <p>nt them in a unified way to be able to upload</p> <p>them in a learning module. Simultaneously, inconsis</p> <p>tency tests are made to eliminate the</p> <p>measurement errors caused by improper calibration o</p> <p>f transducers etc.</p> <p>In condition of using a diagnosis method based on p</p> <p>rocess history, the next step in fault</p> <p>identification referring to the gas-oil separation</p> <p>process is to scan the historical data. Retrieved d</p> <p>ata</p> <p>will possess a label with a certain priority which</p> <p>will be used in the next retrieval process. The</p> <p>learning module is supplied with multiple preproces</p> <p>sed data samples, in order to extract knowledge</p> <p>from them. For each data samples, a data mining alg</p> <p>orithm will be applied (figure 1).</p> <p> </p>
Figure 2. Correct Classified Instances for different data sets-Intelligent System for Diagnosis of a Three-Phase Separator
<p>The data mining models may be considered a superior</p> <p>technique that may be successful</p> <p>applied in diagnosis and may be develop in the futu</p> <p>re on the base of more training data to increase</p> <p>the accuracy of results.</p> <p>Industrial processes are dynamic processes with ran</p> <p>dom behavior and whose evolution over</p> <p>time cannot be predicted unless it is well known th</p> <p>e process model and use advanced predictive</p> <p>techniques. Consequently, design and implement an a</p> <p>utomated online monitoring and diagnosis</p> <p>three-phase separator remains a future direction of</p> <p>research conducted so far.</p> <p>Conceptually, this system should have permanent acc</p> <p>ess to data collected from field</p> <p>transducers, to be able to identify the type of fau</p> <p>lt occurred, to locate the fault and provide</p> <p>recommendations to remedy abnormal operating condit</p> <p>ion. Also, updating the database defects with</p> <p>new types of defects occurred and the adequate solu</p> <p>tions adopted for eliminating errors in the</p> <p>operating mode is an important feature to be consid</p> <p>ered during the design of the online diagnosis</p> <p>system. This is possible if the system would have s</p> <p>elf-learning capabilities. To acquire this "skill",</p> <p>the automatic online diagnosis system may contain a</p> <p>diagnosis module based on artificial neural</p> <p>networks.</p>
BRAIN Journal-Cursor Movement – a Valuable Indicator in Intelligent System Design-Figure 5. Emotional flow after 3 hours of graphical editing
<p>To resume, we started with a product interface, found a way to determine two opposite states, than used that way to map user interaction with the product and determine the emotional answer to that interface. The results can then be used to improve product design, to elicit certain emotional responses, etc. For example, in this case, due to the rapid movement (anger) patterns in the aligning phase, a layout that minimizes this can be developed, using a shortcut menu or dynamically appearing guidelines. Furthermore, the user interface can be imagined to be able to learn working patterns and shift the shortcut menu from an aligning menu, if it detects anger patterns, into a color/shape picking menu, if it detects relaxation patterns, therefore assessing the emotional impact and improving the design of the interface in the same time.</p>
BRAIN Journal-Cursor Movement – a Valuable Indicator in Intelligent System Design-Figure 2. Detailed view of the individual response
<p>The application that measures the way the user interacts with the PC mouse simulates a simple strategy game. The goal is to choose between different objects in random pattern a particular one. The learning curve of the game is designed to be very fast in order for the subject to quickly understand all the principles and thus the results collected during the test to not be influenced by accommodation to the mechanics. Each 77 individual response were evaluated using the mouse acceleration (reaction) and the number of mouse clicks as indicators for one’s emotional state. Simply plotting acceleration over time provides little information; reaction seems to be very chaotic, and somewhat similar between the two states (Figure 2). </p>
BRAIN Journal-Cursor Movement – a Valuable Indicator in Intelligent System Design-Figure 4. Mouse trajectory – images taken from http://iographica.com 4 hours in Photoshop (left) vs. 4 hours in Eclipse (right)
<p>Studies from different fields (Arroyo & Wei, 2006), (Mäkiaho & Poranen, 2012), (Lockton, Harrison, Cain, Stanton, & Jennings, 2013), (Seelye, et al., 2015), (Hehman, Stolier, & Freeman, 2014) have shown that mouse trajectory and clicks are environment (application, device) and user specific, especially if mapped over a long working session (Figure 4). </p>
BRAIN Journal-Cursor Movement – a Valuable Indicator in Intelligent System Design-Figure 1. Science branches involved in translating product features to human needs
<p>Approach notwithstanding, designing product features involves basically a two-step process: (a) detecting and recognizing emotional information and (b) exhibiting a suitable reaction to the previously considered input. Since needs are reflected in the emotional impact, a method to measure the emotions is necessary (Abraham & Michie, 2008) to correctly assess the impact. Referring strictly to a software product, in order to implement the capability to sense the users’ emotional state, the first step should be developing an affective database (Tao & Tan, 2005), to allow correct identification of the affective status. This results in a translation between the affective status of the user and the computer, therefore allowing the program to process the user emotion just like any other input, successfully “digitizing” emotion. </p>
BRAIN Journal-Cursor Movement – a Valuable Indicator in Intelligent System Design-Figure 3. Average values in acceleration and clicks
<p>However, when looking at the median values of acceleration and clicks, a clear difference appears between the states: more clicks for relaxation, higher acceleration for stress (Figure 3). </p>
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.