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534 results for “lethal”
Lethality datasets for "A comparative study of endoderm differentiation in humans and chimpanzees"
<p>These datasets were used to evaluate the embryonic lethality of 3 categories of genes: genes with shared reduction of variation in gene expression levels, genes with reduction of variation in only one species, and genes without a reduction of variation in either species.To obtain the data, we took the gene list of each of the 3 categories of genes and ran it through the Mammalian Phenotype database from Jackson Lab: <a href="http://www.informatics.jax.org/batch/summary">http://www.informatics.jax.org/batch/summary</a> in January 2018.</p>
Coral growth data for the research article "Reconstruction of long-term sub-lethal effects of warming on a temperate coral in a climate change hotspot" in Journal of Animal Ecology
<p>This repository contains the coral growth data files used to generate the results for the following article:</p> <p> </p> <p>MJ. Vergotti, JP. D’Olivo, T. Brachert, P. Capdevila, J. Garrabou, C. Linares, P. Spreter, DK. Kersting (2024) Reconstruction of long-term sub-lethal effects of warming on a temperate coral in a climate change hot-spot. <em>Journal of Animal Ecology</em>. https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1365-2656.14225</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Abstract: </strong>The impact of warming on zooxanthellate corals is widespread, from tropical to temperate seas, with their associated mortalities causing global concern. The temperate coral <em>Cladocora caespitosa</em> is the only zooxanthellate coral with reef-building capacity in the Mediterranean Sea, a climate change hotspot with warming rates triple the global average. Over the past two decades, <em>C. caespitosa</em> populations have suffered severe mortality events associated with marine heatwaves (MHWs). However, with monitoring efforts beginning, at best, in the 2000s, the occurrence of MHWs before to that period, as well as the sub-lethal effects of these events remain poorly understood. Here we use sclerochronology to reconstruct the histories of past stress events and long-term sub-lethal effects on <em>C. caespitosa</em> in three locations within the NW Mediterranean Sea, each with different environmental conditions. Skeletal extension, density and calcification rates were compared to the <em>in situ</em> seawater temperature of each site to assess their relationship. Additionally, we assessed the occurrence of skeletal growth anomalies to reconstruct stress events between 1991 and 2021, a period that encompasses the onset and evolution of warming-related mass mortality events in the NW Mediterranean Sea. Our results reveal a positive association between calcification and temperature, following a latitudinal temperature gradient. However, the evolution of the likelihood distribution of growth rates in the warmest site (Columbretes Islands) since the 1990s indicates a decrease in linear extension and calcification rates during the most recent years. With the increase in the frequency of MHWs and growth anomalies during the last decade, this decline suggests a recurrence in physiological stress events. These results unravel information on the long-term impacts of warming on coral growth and highlight the potential of applying sclerochronology to reconstruct sub-lethal effects of warming using <em>C. caespitosa</em>. </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Funding</strong>: This research is supported by the Horizon 2020 program of research and innovation of the European Union under the MaCoBioS grant agreement, by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation, project no. 401447620) and by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities under the project UndResCoral (project no. PID2022-137539OA-C22). D.K.K. was supported by a Ramon y Cajal postdoctoral grant funded by the Ministry of Science and Innovation (PEICTI 2021–2023; grant no. RYC2021-033576-I). C.L. acknowledges the support by ICREA Academia. J.G. acknowledges the grant “Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence” accreditation (CEX2019-000928-S) funded by AEI 10.13039/501100011033.</p>
The lethal impacts of Roundup and predatory stress on six species of North American tadpoles.
The decline in amphibians across the globe has sparked a search for the causes, and recent evidence suggests a connection with pesticides. However, for most pesticides, tests on amphibians are rare and conducted only for short durations (1 to 4 days) and without natural stressors. Recent studies have discovered that the stress of predator cues in the water can make insecticides much more lethal to larval amphibians, but it is unknown whether this phenomenon can be generalized to other types of pesticides. Using six species of North American amphibian larvae (Rana sylvatica, R. pipiens, R. clamitans, R. catesbeiana, Bufo americanus, and Hyla versicolor), I examined the impact of a globally common herbicide (Roundup) on the survival of tadpoles for 16days with and without the chemical cues emitted by predatory newts (Notophthalmus viridescens). LC5016-d estimates varied from 0.55 to 2.52 mg of active ingredient (AI)/L, which was considerably lower than the few previous studies using Roundup (1.5 to 15.5 mg AI/L). Moreover, in one of the six species tested (R. sylvatica), the addition of predatory stress made Roundup twice as lethal. This discovery suggests that synergistic interactions between predatory stress and pesticides may indeed be a generalizable phenomenon in amphibians that occurs with a wide variety of pesticides.
The FAIR-Device - a non-lethal and generalist semi-automatic Malaise trap for insect biodiversity monitoring: Proof of concept - Supplementary Material
<h3>Abstract</h3> <p>Field monitoring plays a crucial role in understanding insect dynamics within ecosystems. It facilitates pest distribution assessment, control measure evaluation, and prediction of pest outbreaks. Additionally, it provides important information on bioindicators with which the state of biodiversity and ecological integrity in specific habitats and ecosystems can be accurately assessed. However, traditional monitoring systems can present various difficulties, leading to a limited temporal and spatial resolution of the obtained information. Despite recent advancements in automatic insect monitoring traps, also called e-traps, most of these systems focus exclusively on studying agricultural pests, rendering them unsuitable for monitoring diverse insect populations. To address this issue, we introduce the Field Automatic Insect Recognition (FAIR)-Device, a novel non-lethal field tool that relies on semi-automatic image capture and species identification using artificial intelligence via the iNaturalist platform. Our objective was to develop an automatic, cost-effective, and non-specific monitoring solution capable of providing high-resolution data for assessing insect diversity. During a 26-day proof-of-concept evaluation, the FAIR-Device recorded 24.8 GB of video, identifying 431 individuals from 9 orders, 50 families, and 69 genera. While improvements are possible, our device demonstrated potential as a cost-effective, non-lethal tool for monitoring insect biodiversity. Looking ahead, we envision new monitoring systems such as e-traps as valuable tools for real-time insect monitoring, offering unprecedented insights for ecological research and agricultural practices.</p> <h3>Description of the data and file structure</h3> <p>This repository complements the publication <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.03.22.586299v2" target="_blank" rel="noopener">"The FAIR-Device - a non-lethal and generalist semi-automatic Malaise trap for insect biodiversity monitoring: Proof of concept".</a> It contains the result data from the proof of concept field test of V1.0 of the FAIR-Device, conducted between July and August 2021 at the Thünen Institute of Agricultural Technology in Braunschweig. The repository comprises three compressed files (.zip):</p> <ul> <li><strong>FAIR-D_captures.zip</strong>: <ul> <li>Video captures from the field tests organized by recording day.</li> <li>Filenames indicating recording time (hh-mm-ss).</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <ul> <li><strong>FAIR-D_Tables&Code.zip</strong>: <ul> <li>Processed results from the obtained image captures, organized into: <ul> <li><strong>Monitoring2021_TotalPeriod.xlsx: </strong>Result table with taxonomic classifications, data analysis, and charts.</li> <li><strong>iNat_observations.xlsx: </strong>iNaturalist reviews analysis table.</li> <li><strong>R: </strong>code for generating article graphics.</li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <ul> <li><strong>FAIR-D_V1.0_3D_Models.zip</strong>: <ul> <li>Complete 3D design of the FAIR-D V1.0 in .stl format, organized into: <ul> <li><strong>3D_print_parts</strong>: 3D-printable parts with spatial coordinates for correct positioning in CAD software.</li> <li><strong>other_3Dparts</strong>: Non-printable parts, also in .stl format with spatial coordinates.</li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p> </p> <p>NOTE: For visualizing the videos, we recommend <strong>VLC media player</strong> - <a href="https://www.videolan.org/vlc/">https://www.videolan.org/vlc/</a> </p>
F I G U R E 2 in Assessing the sub-lethal impacts of insecticides on aphid parasitoids through laboratory-based studies
F I G U R E 2 Mummification rate of Aphidius colemani and Aphelinus abdominalis per aphid alive at 5 days after parasitoid introductions. The horizontal black lines represent the mean aphid mummification rate across all replicates, and the blue boxes represent the 95% credible intervals.
F I G U R E 6 in Assessing the sub-lethal impacts of insecticides on aphid parasitoids through laboratory-based studies
F I G U R E 6 The proportion of female F1 Aphelinus abdominalis and Aphidius colemani adults that emerged from females exposed to insecticides. The horizontal black lines represent the mean emergence rate of females across all replicates, and the blue boxes represent the 95% credible intervals.
F I G U R E 1 in Assessing the sub-lethal impacts of insecticides on aphid parasitoids through laboratory-based studies
F I G U R E 1 Mortality for each parasitoid species following exposure to each treatment after 72 h. The horizontal black lines represent the mean mortality across all replicates, and the blue boxes represent the 95% credible intervals.
F I G U R E 5 in Assessing the sub-lethal impacts of insecticides on aphid parasitoids through laboratory-based studies
F I G U R E 5 Reduction in reproductive capacity estimated for Aphelinus abdominalis and Aphidius colemani following insecticide exposure. The horizontal black lines represent the mean reduced reproductive capacity across all replicates, and the orange boxes represent the 95% credible intervals.
F I G U R E 3 in Assessing the sub-lethal impacts of insecticides on aphid parasitoids through laboratory-based studies
F I G U R E 3 Reduction in parasitism capacity estimated for Aphelinus abdominalis and Aphidius colemani following insecticide exposure. The horizontal black lines represent the mean reduced parasitism capacity across all replicates, and the orange boxes represent the 95% credible intervals.
F I G U R E 4 in Assessing the sub-lethal impacts of insecticides on aphid parasitoids through laboratory-based studies
F I G U R E 4 Emergence rates of F1 Aphelinus abdominalis and Aphidius colemani adults following insecticide exposure. The horizontal black lines represent the mean emergence rates across all replicates, and the blue boxes represent the 95% credible intervals.
Lethal and sublethal effects of marine heatwaves on octocorals early life history stages
<p>In this study, the effect of increased water temperature (+4 ºC and +6 ºC above ambient, 20 ºC) on larval survival and settlement was evaluated for two of the most representative Mediterranean octocoral species (<em>Eunicella singularis</em> and <em>Corallium rubrum</em>). Moreover, data on larval biomass and caloric consumption of larvae per day are also provided.Our study shows that warmer treatments did not affect the survival of symbiotic <em>E. singularis </em>larvae, but drastically reduced the survival of the non-symbiotic <em>C. rubrum</em> larvae. The results on larval biomass and caloric consumption suggest that higher mortality rates of <em>C. rubrum</em> exposed to increased temperature were not related to depletion of endogenous energy in larvae. The results also show that settlement rates of <em>E. singularis</em> did not change in response to elevated temperature after 20 days of exposure, but larvae may settle fast and close to their native population at 26 ºC (+6 ºC). Although previous experimental studies found that adult colonies of both octocoral species are mostly resistant to thermal stress, our results on early life history stages suggest that the persistence and inter-connectivity of local populations may be severely compromised under continued trends in ocean warming.</p>
Effects of sub-lethal single, simultaneous, and sequential abiotic stresses on phenotypic traits of Arabidopsis thaliana
<p>Data and code from: "Effects of sub-lethal single, simultaneous, and sequential abiotic stresses on phenotypic traits of Arabidopsis thaliana" published at Annals of Botany PLANTS. This is a dataset on phenotypic traits of Arabidopsis in response to different abiotic stresses and a reproducible R script to generate all figures and tables in the publication.</p>
Non-lethal fungal infection could reduce aggression towards strangers in ants
<p>Many parasites interfere with the behaviour of their hosts. In social animals, such as ants, parasitic interference can cause changes on the level of the individual and also on the level of the society. The ant-parasitic fungus <em>Rickia</em> <em>wasmannii</em> influences the behaviour of <em>Myrmica</em> ants by expanding the host's nestmate recognition template, thereby increasing the chance of the colony accepting infected non-nestmates. Infected ants consistently show an increase of the alkane tricosane (n-C23) in their cuticular hydrocarbon profiles. Although experimental application of single compounds often elicits aggression towards manipulated ants, we hypothesized that the increase of n-C23 might underlie the facilitated acceptance of infected non-nestmates. To test this, we mimicked fungal infection in <em>M</em>. <em>scabrinodis</em> by applying synthetic n-C23 to fresh ant corpses and observed the reaction of infected and uninfected workers to control and manipulated corpses. Infected ants appeared to be more peaceful towards infected but not uninfected non-nestmates. Adding n-C23 to uninfected corpses resulted in reduced aggression in uninfected ants. This supports the hypothesis that n-C23 acts as a 'pacifying' signal. Our study indicates that parasitic interference with the nestmate discrimination of host ants might eventually change colony structure by increasing genetic heterogeneity in infected colonies.</p>
Metadata of the study HMGCR activity is essential for mitochondrial β-oxidation of fatty acids to prevent lethal accumulation of long-chain acylcarnitines in the mouse liver
<p>Metadata of the study "HMGCR activity is essential for mitochondrial β-oxidation of fatty acids to prevent lethal accumulation of long-chain acylcarnitines in the mouse liver" published in Br J Pharmacol 2024. Apr 19. doi: 10.1111/bph.16363.</p>
Figure 1 in A review of nonlethal and lethal control tools for managing the damage of invasive birds to human assets and economic activities
Figure 1. The number of studies (i.e., field, lab, and modeling) using A) lethal methods to control populations at nesting, foraging, loafing, and roosting sites, B) nonlethal methods to control damage at urban nesting, foraging, loafing, and roosting sites, and C) nonlethal methods to control damage at agricultural foraging sites, including those conducted in the native or introduced ranges of the following birds considered invasive in the United States: rock doves (Columba livia; RODO), Eurasian collared doves (Streptopelia decaocto; EUCD), rose-ringed parakeets (Psittacula krameri; RRPA), monk parakeets (Myiopsitta monachus; MOPA), common mynas (Acridotheres tristis; COMY), European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris; EUST), and house sparrows (Passer domesticus; HOSP). Above each column on the left-hand side is the number of studies that were conducted in the field (i.e., not laboratory or modeling studies; if a study used multiple tools it was counted for each tool). The right-hand side is the subset of field studies for each category (D–F) that included damage assessments in the results.
Fig 1 in Sub-lethal toxic effect of cadmium chloride (CdCl ) on freshwater murrel Channa punctata (BLOCH)
Fig 1: Protein Content of the tissues (gill and liver) of C. punctata at 5 ppm and 10 ppm of CdCl2 after 7 days of exposure
Fig. 2 in Lethal and sub-lethal effects of Beauveria bassiana (Cordycipitaceae) strain NI8 on Chrysoperla rufilabris (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae)
Fig. 2. Cumulative mortality of Chrysoperla rufilabris females at 3, 5, and 10 d exposed to Beauveria bassiana strain NI8 at different concentrations (spores per mm2) under laboratory conditions. Insects were fed with a Lygus species solid diet afer being sprayed with fungus. Columns within the group labeled with a different letter were significant different at P = 0.05 (Tukey Honest Significant Difference test).
Fig. 3 in Morganella morganii (Enterobacteriales: Enterobacteriaceae) is a lethal pathogen of Mexican fruit fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) larvae
Fig. 3. Yield of Mexican fruit fly larvae in bio-assay cups. Lef=Control, Right=Inoculated with Morganella morganii.
Fig. 2 in Haemoproteosis lethality in a woodpecker, with molecular and morphological characterization of Haemoproteus velans (Haemosporida, Haemoproteidae)
Fig. 2. Skeletal muscle tissue showing megalomeronts of Haemoproteus velans. Note numerous developing cytomeres (arrowhead) and capsular-like wall around the parasite (arrow). Magnification x20.
Figure 1 in Lethal and sublethal effects of exposure to Roundup 360 Plus for the Chaoborus flavicans larvae (Diptera: Chaoboridae)
Figure 1. The distribution of C. flavicans larvae within the water column under different concentrations of GLY. Box-mean, whisker-SD, n = 10, 0-close to the bottom, 1-in the water column, 2-close to the surface of the water. The letters above boxes indicate significant differences between time points (Tukey test, p <0.05)
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.