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49 results for “resource landscape”
Genome data and resources on the recombination landscape and population history of the harlequin fly
<p>This dataset contains phased vcf files of <em>Chironomus riparius, </em>ouput files of RepeatMasker, MELT, RepeatOBserver, MSMC2, iSMC and bedtools, such as supporting files. </p> <p>For further details also check the GitHub page: <a href="https://github.com/lpettrich/Crip_Recombination_PopHistory_Cla_2024" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://github.com/lpettrich/Crip_Recombination_PopHistory_Cla_2024</a></p> <ul> <li><strong>phased-vcfs: </strong>Artificially phased vcf-files of five populations with four individuals each. Needed to generate multihetsep files. Input files for iSMC.<br> <ul> <li>Hesse in Germany = MG</li> <li>Rhône-Alpes in France = MF</li> <li>Lorraine in France = NMF</li> <li>Piemont in Italy = SI</li> <li>Andalusia in Spain = SS</li> </ul> </li> <li><strong>multihetsep-files: </strong>Created with msmc-tools. Input files for MSMC2. </li> <li><strong>RepeatMasker: </strong>Raw output of RepeatMasker run. Summary file and file with filtered <em>Cla</em>-element (a transposable element) included.<strong><br></strong></li> <li><strong>MELT: </strong>MELT ouput with added info on population and numbered insertions reflecting all 441 detected <em>Cla </em>insertions.<strong><br></strong></li> <li><strong>RepeatOBserver: </strong>Summary files on centromere predictions based on histograms and Shannon Diversity from RepeatOBserver. Genome-wise Shannon Diversity per chromosome included. <strong><br></strong></li> <li><strong>MSMC2: </strong>Raw ouput of combined cross-coalescence and mean values if MSMC2 per populations. <strong><br></strong></li> <li><strong>iSMC: </strong>Recombination rate rho in 10 kb windows and 100 kb windows along the genome. <strong><br></strong></li> <li><strong>bedtools closest ismc 10 kb: </strong>Bedtools closest analysis of the distance of the next <em>Cla</em>-element to the recombination rate rho in 10 kb windows.<strong><br></strong></li> <li><strong>bedtools closest ismc 100 kb: </strong>Bedtools closest analysis of the distance of the next <em>Cla</em>-element to the recombination rate rho in 100 kb windows.</li> <li><strong>input-files figures: </strong>Supporting files needed to create figures.<strong><br></strong></li> </ul>
Data from: Bees go up, flowers go down: Increased resource limitation from late spring to summer in agricultural landscapes
<p>Data underlying the publication "Bees go up, flowers go down: Increased resource limitation from late spring to summer in agricultural landscapes". Site coordinates are excluded from this dataset for data protection.</p>
Data from: Seasonal bee communities vary in their responses to resources at local and landscape scales: Implication for land managers
<p><strong>Context</strong>:<em> </em>There is great interest in land management practices for pollinators; however, a quantitative comparison of landscape and local effects on bee communities is necessary to determine if adding small habitat patches can increase bee abundance or species richness. The value of increasing floral abundance at a site is undoubtedly influenced by the phenology and magnitude of floral resources in the landscape, but due to the complexity of measuring landscape-scale resources, these factors have been understudied.</p> <p><strong>Objectives</strong>: To address this knowledge gap, we quantified the relative importance of local versus landscape scale resources for bee communities, identified the most important metrics of local and landscape quality, and evaluated how these relationships vary with season.</p> <p><strong>Methods</strong>: We studied season-specific relationships between local and landscape quality and wild-bee communities at 33 sites in the Finger Lakes region of New York, USA. We paired site surveys of wild bees, plants, and soil characteristics with a multi-dimensional assessment of landscape composition, configuration, insecticide toxic load, and a spatio-temporal evaluation of floral resources at local and landscape scales.</p> <p><strong>Results</strong>:<em> </em>We found that the most relevant spatial scale and landscape factor varied by season. Early-season bee communities responded primarily to landscape resources, including the presence of flowering trees and wetland habitats. In contrast, mid to late-season bee communities were more influenced by local conditions, though bee diversity was negatively impacted when sites were embedded in highly agricultural landscapes. Soil composition had complex impacts on bee communities, and likely reflects effects on plant community flowering. </p> <p><strong>Conclusions</strong>:<em> </em>Early-season bees can be supported by adding flowering trees and wetlands, while mid to late-season bees can be supported by local addition of summer and fall flowering plants. Sites embedded in landscapes with a greater proportion of natural areas will host a greater bee species diversity.</p>
Code: A model of wild bee populations accounting for spatial heterogeneity and climate induced temporal variability of food resources at the landscape level
<p><span>The viability of wild bee populations and the pollination services that they provide are driven by the availability of food resources during their activity period and within the surroundings of their nesting sites. Changes in climate and land use influence the availability of these resources and are major threats to declining bee populations. Because wild bees may be vulnerable to interactions between these threats, spatially explicit models of population dynamics that capture how bee populations jointly respond to land use at a landscape scale and weather are needed. Here, we developed a spatially and temporally explicit theoretical model of wild bee populations aiming for a middle ground between the existing mapping of visitation rates using foraging equations and more refined agent-based modelling. The model is developed for <em>Bombus</em> sp. and captures within-season colony dynamics. The model describes mechanistically foraging at the colony level and temporal population dynamics for an average colony at the landscape level. Stages in population dynamics are temperature-dependent triggered with a theoretical generalized seasonal progression, which can be informed by growing degree days (GDD). The purpose of the LandscapePhenoBee model is to evaluate the impact of systematic changes and within-season variability in resources on bee population sizes and crop visitation rates. In a simulation study, we used the model to evaluate the impact of the shortage of food resources in the landscape arising from extreme drought events in different types of landscapes (ranging from different proportions of semi-natural habitats and early and late flowering crops) on bumblebee populations.</span></p>
Data for: Resource landscapes explain contrasting patterns of aggregation and site fidelity by red knots at two wintering sites
<p>This repository contains data for the paper: Oudman et al. 2018. Resource landscapes explain contrasting patterns of aggregation and site fidelity by red knots at two wintering sites. <em>Movement Ecology</em> 6(14) 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40462-018-0142-4.</p> <p>Please cite the original publication when using this data.</p>
Data from: Landscape variation in defense traits along gradients of multiple resources in a tropical savanna plant
<p><span>Many plant species are widely distributed and consequently are exposed to multiple abiotic factors and diverse herbivores, each of which may distinctly affect the magnitude of different defense traits.</span><span> </span><span>Alternative theories for optimal allocation to plant defense traits predict both positive and negative associations between magnitude of defense and resource availability. These predictions may apply even within species. </span><span>This </span><span>suggests potential for a single species' patterns of association of defense traits and resources to vary with both the type of defense and identity of resource, but relatively few studies have explored intraspecific variation in multiple defense traits along several resource gradients simultaneously. </span><span>In order to address this gap, especially in an ecosystem dominated by large mammalian herbivores, we assessed relationships between multiple resources (rainfall, soil N, and soil P) and plant defense traits (prickle density, phenolics, and lignin content) using a widely distributed tropical savanna herb, <em>Solanum</em> <em>incanum</em>, growing in naturally occurring resource gradients within the Serengeti National Park. </span>We found substantial intraspecific variation in all three defense traits across sites (n =43). Variation in prickle density was positively associated with rainfall and soil P, but not soil N. In contrast to prickle density, phenolics and lignin were uncorrelated with all three resource gradients. This independent association of soil P with a carbon-based defense, prickle density, suggests potential for resources that are not components of defenses to influence allocation to defense traits. Such influence may reflect association between resource and herbivore abundance and/or preference. These varied patterns in resource-defense associations further emphasize the tremendous variation in anti-herbivore traits which may be influenced by different plant resources and highlight the need to consider multiple resource gradients in understanding evolution of plant traits.</p>
Data from: Landscape variation in defense traits along gradients of multiple resources in a tropical savanna plant
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Data from: Seasonal bee communities vary in their responses to resources at local and landscape scales: Implication for land managers
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Code: A model of wild bee populations accounting for spatial heterogeneity and climate induced temporal variability of food resources at the landscape level
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Testing the relative importance of local resources and landscape connectivity on Bombus impatiens (Hymenoptera, Apidae) colonies
Bee populations are decreasing worldwide. The underlying causes are likely determined by factors at different scales. We tested the relative importance of local resources and landscape connectivity on 64 bumblebee (Bombus impatiens) colonies in experimentally isolated and connected habitat fragments. We used colony mass, no. of workers, and no. of gynes to estimate colony performance. Landscape connectivity did not significantly affect colony performance, but local floral resources had a significantly positive effect, especially in isolated fragments. These results suggest that bumblebee colonies encountered sufficient floral resources within the local 1.4 ha habitat fragments to support colony growth, making long-distance foraging trips to neighboring fragments unnecessary. From a conservation perspective, we suggest that efforts to improve colony performance should prioritize boosting local floral resources over manipulation of large-scale landscape features.
Unexpected effects of local management and landscape composition on predatory mites and their food resources in vineyards
<p>This research was funded by the project SECBIVIT.</p> <p>Dataset of the results in the Articel: Unexpected effects of local management and landscape composition on predatory mites and their food resources in vineyards.</p> <p>For further information also see: </p> <ul> <li>Sampled grape varieties: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4562219 </li> <li>https://www.secbivit.boku.ac.at/</li> </ul>
Body-size dependent effects of landscape-level resource energetics on pollinator abundance in woodland remnants
<p><span>Land use change reduces floral resource availability, thereby driving declines in important pollinators. However, the severity of land use impact varies by species, influenced by factors such as dispersal ability and resource specialization, both of which can correlate with body size. Here we test whether floral resource availability in the surrounding landscape (the 'matrix') influences bee species' abundance in isolated remnant woodlands, and whether this effect varies with body size. We sampled quantitative flower-visitation networks within woodland remnants and quantified floral energy resources (calories) available to each bee species both within woodland and the matrix. Bee abundance in woodland increased with floral energy resources in the surrounding matrix, with strongest effects on larger-bodied species. Our findings suggest important but size-dependent effects of declining matrix floral resources on the persistence of bees in remnant woodlands, highlighting the need to incorporate landscape-level floral resources in conservation planning for pollinators in threatened natural habitats. </span></p>
Data from: On-site floral resources and surrounding landscape characteristics impact pollinator biodiversity at solar parks
<p>There is increasing land use change for solar parks and growing recognition that they could be used to support insect pollinators. However, understanding of pollinator response to solar park developments is limited and empirical data are lacking.</p> <p>We combine field observations with landcover data to quantify the impact of on-site floral resources and surrounding landscape characteristics on solar park pollinator abundance and species richness. We surveyed pollinators and flowering plants at 15 solar parks across England in 2021, used a landcover map to assess the surrounding high-quality habitat and aerial imagery to measure woody linear features (hedgerows, woodland edges and lines of trees).</p> <p>In total, 1,397 pollinators were recorded, including 899 butterflies (64%), 171 hoverflies (12%), 161 bumble bees (12%), 157 moths (11%) and nine honeybees (< 1%). At least 30 pollinator species were observed, the majority of which were common, generalist species.</p> <p>Pollinator biodiversity varied between solar parks and was explained by a combination of on-site floral resources and surrounding landscape characteristics. Floral species richness was the most influential on-site characteristic and woody linear feature density generally had a greater impact than the cover of surrounding high-quality habitats, although drivers differed by pollinator group.</p> <p>Our findings suggest that a range of factors affect pollinator biodiversity at solar parks, but maximising floral resources within a park through appropriate management actions may be the most achievable way to support most pollinator groups, especially where solar parks are located in resource-poor, disconnected landscapes.</p>
The combined effects of resource landscapes and herbivory on pollination services in agro-ecosystems
<p>We apply a resource landscape approach to map the spatial distribution of floral resources across landscapes using neighbourhood modelling and empirical data on floral availability at specific land-use types. In each of 25 Mediterranean landscapes, spanning a gradient of natural-agricultural land use intensity, we established a pair of arrays of potted phytometer plants (White Wall-rocket, <em>Diplotaxis erucoides</em>)<em> </em>that were either aphid-infested or aphid-free. In each array, we recorded the activity of insect flower visitors and subsequent seed-set. At the same time, we also recorded the relative flower abundance in dominant land uses at 1 km radii around each array.</p>
E-scape: consumer-specific landscapes of energetic resources derived from stable isotope analysis and remote sensing
<p>Energetic resources and habitat distribution are inherently linked. Energetic resource availability is a major driver of the distribution of consumers, but estimating how much specific habitats contribute to the energetic resource needs of a consumer can be problematic.</p> <p>We present a new approach that combines remote sensing information and stable isotope ecology to produce maps of energetic resources (<i>E</i>-scapes). <i>E</i>-scapes project species-specific resource use information onto the landscape to classify areas based on energetic importance.</p> <p>Using our <i>E</i>-scapes, we investigated the relationship between energetic resource distribution and white shrimp distribution and how the scale used to generate the <i>E</i>-scape mediated this relationship.</p> <p><i>E</i>-scapes successfully predicted the size, abundance, biomass, and total energy of a consumer in salt marsh habitats in coastal Louisiana, USA at scales relevant to the movement of the consumer.</p> <p>Our <i>E</i>-scape maps can be used alone or in combination with existing models to improve habitat management and restoration practices and have potential to be used to test fundamental movement theory. </p>
Data from: Direct and indirect effects of landscape and field management intensity on carabids through trophic resources and weeds
<p>Carabids are important biological control agents of weeds and other pests in agricultural fields. The carabid community is built upon direct and indirect ecological effects of landscape complexity, field management intensity and biotic components that in interaction make any prediction of community size and composition challenging.</p> <p>We analyse a large-scale sample of 60 European cereal fields using Structural Equation Modelling to quantify the direct effects of field management intensity and the surrounding landscape, and their indirect effect via biotic components, on carabid diversity.</p> <p>Our results highlight that direct and indirect effects of increasing landscape complexity, mediated by trophic resources, mainly affect carabids positively. Field management intensity only ever affects carabids through indirect effects that are generally negative, by suppressing standing weeds and weed seeds.</p> <p>Indirect effects on granivore carabid species depended on weed seed availability whereas omnivores depended on the availability of both weed seeds and animal prey.</p> <p><i>Synthesis and applications</i><span>: A consideration of both the direct and indirect effects of landscape and field management is necessary for predicting carabid communities and with interactions. These effects, mediated via trophic resources, supports the diversity and abundance of carabid communities and their provision of ecosystem services. Our results show that promoting crop diversity and connectivity to semi-natural habitats will directly enhance carabid communities in farmland by manipulating their migration from source habitats. A reduction in field management intensity will preserve local standing weeds and weed seeds, and indirectly support carabid communities. These local and landscape modifications could contribute to improve the natural regulation of pests and weeds by carabids.</span></p>
Body-size-dependent effects of landscape-level resource energetics on pollinator abundance in woodland remnants
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Fruit orchards and woody semi-natural habitat provide complementary resources for pollinators in agricultural landscapes
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Data from: Understanding carnivore interactions in a cold arid trans-Himalayan landscape: What drives co-existence patterns within predator guild along varying resource gradients?
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Data from: Direct and indirect effects of landscape and field management intensity on carabids through trophic resources and weeds
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OpenNeuro
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