PLATE 1 in Description of nymphal instars and adult female of Kermes vermilio Planchon (Hemiptera, Coccoidea, Kermesidae), with a synopsis of the European and Mediterranean species

PLATE 1. Kermes vermilio Planchon, macroscopic appearance and damage to Quercus ilex: a) adult post-reproductive female and nymphs (Bitonto (BA), April 2009, Italy); b) young reproductive females, third-instar female nymphs and crawlers (Bari, July 2008, Italy); c) fully-mature reproductive female with crawlers (Lecce, July 2012, Italy); d) third-instar female nymphs (Lecce, July 2010, Italy); e) male test under a leaf; (f) branch infested by tests (Bari, May 2010, Italy); and g) dieback due to K. vermilio outbreak in an urban environment (Bari, May 2010, Italy).