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FIGURE 1. Uktena riparia n in Uktena riparia n. gen., n. sp. (Annelida, Clitellata, Lumbriculidae), a new spermatophore-producing oligochaete

FIGURE 1. Uktena riparia n. sp. A,C,G from Flat Creek (the type locality); B,D,E,F from Lower Little River. A and B. Ventral views of mature worms; spermatophores protruding from spermathecal pores in (A); spermathecal copulatory organs everted in (B). C. Ventral chaetae: single chaetae in segment II, IX and X, pairs in VIII and XI; those in IX and X are genital chaetae. D. Ventral chaetal bundles: paired somatic chaetae in II, VIII, XI and LX; developing genital chaetae in IX. E. Gland within an everted spermathecal copulatory organ. F. Paired glands within male bursa. G. Dorsal view of lateral blood vessels in a posterior segment; worm is facing left.

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FIGURE 2. Uktena riparia n in Uktena riparia n. gen., n. sp. (Annelida, Clitellata, Lumbriculidae), a new spermatophore-producing oligochaete

FIGURE 2. Uktena riparia n. sp. Reproductive organs, A–C, E from Flat Creek (the type locality), D from tributary to Naked Creek. A–C. Mature, mated specimens; spermathecal copulatory organ is everted in (C); spermatophores in spermathecal bursae in (A, C); detail of spermathecal copulatory organ and glands in male bursa in (B). D–E. Immature worms with partially developed reproductive organs, spermathecal bursa and copulatory organ not developed; genital chaetae partially developed.

FIGURE 5 in Stygophrynus orientalis sp. nov. (Amblypygi: Charontidae) from Indonesia with the description of a remarkable spermatophore

FIGURE 5. Cerotegument of Charinidae and Charontidae (after Wolff et al. 2017). A–C Charon cf. grayi (Negros Island, Philippines), D–F Stygophrynus orientalis sp. nov., G–I Sarax curioi (Pany Island, Philippines). SEM of air dried exuvia of carapace. A, B, D, E, G, H globular surface. C, F, I detail of colloidal particles. For interpretations see text. Scale bars: see figure.

FIGURE 4 in Stygophrynus orientalis sp. nov. (Amblypygi: Charontidae) from Indonesia with the description of a remarkable spermatophore

FIGURE 4. Photographs of living adult Stygophrynus orientalis sp. nov. individuals in captivity. A female (above) and male (below). B Two adult males exhibiting agonistic behavior. C Adult female with protonymphs (shortly after moulting).

FIGURE 3. Reproductive structures. A–B in Stygophrynus orientalis sp. nov. (Amblypygi: Charontidae) from Indonesia with the description of a remarkable spermatophore

FIGURE 3. Reproductive structures. A–B Detail of male gonopods, right gonopod enhanced by white lines (A ventral view, B dorsal view). C Female gonopods, dorsal view, gonopod enhanced by white lines. D Intact spermatophore, frontal view. E Intact spermatophore, lateral view. Arrow indicates the direction from which the female approaches the spermatophore. F Emptied spermatophore, frontal view. G Emptied spermatophore, lateral view. Arrowheads indicate former placement of the seminal packages. Scale bars: A–C 0.2 mm, D–G 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 2 in Stygophrynus orientalis sp. nov. (Amblypygi: Charontidae) from Indonesia with the description of a remarkable spermatophore

FIGURE 2. Stygophrynus orientalis sp. nov. Variability of pedipalpal spination. Distal part of pedipalp, pro-lateral view. A Holotype female (21944), tarsus of right pedipalp, left drawing, right original photograph. B Paratype male (#2), tarsus of left pedipalp. C Paratype male (#2), tarsus of right pedipalp. D Paratype male (#3), tibia and tarsus of left pedipalp. Labels: see text. Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIGURE 1 in Stygophrynus orientalis sp. nov. (Amblypygi: Charontidae) from Indonesia with the description of a remarkable spermatophore

FIGURE 1. Stygophrynus orientalis sp. nov. A Habitus of female holotype, dorsal and ventral view, respectively. B–D Female chelicera, denticles enhanced with white lines (B internal view; C external view; D external view, close-up on external teeth row). E Pedipalp (left ventral, right dorsal view), spines of femur and tibia numbered. F Distitibia and distal basitibia of walking leg IV, dorsal; trichobothria marked as follows: basitibia (bt = basitibial), distitibia (bf: basofrontal; bc: basocaudal; sbf: subbasofrontal; sbc-x: series caudal trichobothria; stf1x: series frontal trichobothria). Note: not all trichobothria are visible on this figure.Scale bars: A 20 mm, B–C 2 mm, D 0.25 mm E 2 mm, F 1 mm.

Figs. 53–54 in Spermatophores and Spermatophore Producing Internal Organs of Cleridae (Coleoptera: Clerinae): their Biological and Phylogenetic Implications

Figs. 53–54. Antenna of Dieropsis quadriplagiata Gahan. 53) Antenna; 54) sensilla of antennomere 10.

Figs. 45–48 in Spermatophores and Spermatophore Producing Internal Organs of Cleridae (Coleoptera: Clerinae): their Biological and Phylogenetic Implications

Figs. 45–48. Antennae of spermatophoral clerines. 45) Phlogistomorpha croesus (Blackburn); 46) Aulicus antennatus Schaeffer; 47) Zenithicola funestus (Chevrolat); 48) Trichodes ornatus Say.

Figs. 49–52 in Spermatophores and Spermatophore Producing Internal Organs of Cleridae (Coleoptera: Clerinae): their Biological and Phylogenetic Implications

Figs. 49–52. Integumental sensilla on antennomere 10. 49) Aulicus antennatus Schaeffer; 50) Trichodes ornatus Say; 51) Phlogistomorpha croesus (Blackburn); 52) Zenithicola funestus Chevrolat.

Figs. 31–33. Alimentary canal and spermatophore. 31–32 in Spermatophores and Spermatophore Producing Internal Organs of Cleridae (Coleoptera: Clerinae): their Biological and Phylogenetic Implications

Figs. 31–33. Alimentary canal and spermatophore. 31–32) Trichodes ornatus (Say). 31) cross-section of proventriculus; 32) stomodaeum and anterior portion of ventriculus; 33) Trichodes leucopsideus (Olivier).

Figs. 34–44 in Spermatophores and Spermatophore Producing Internal Organs of Cleridae (Coleoptera: Clerinae): their Biological and Phylogenetic Implications

Figs. 34–44. Representative species of spermatophoral Clerinae. 34) Trichodes peninsularis Horn; 35) Opilo domesticus (Sturm); 36) Chilioclerus mimus Solervicens; 37) Scrobiger splendidus (Newman); 38) Aulicus edwardsii (Horn); 39) Balcus signatus Broun; 40) Zenithicola funestus Chevrolat; 41) Dieropsis quadriplagiata (Gorham); 42) Trogodendron fasciculatum (Schreiber); 43) Phlogistus instabilis (Newman); 44) Phlogistomorpha croesus (Blackburn).

Figs. 23–30. Female reproductive organs. 23–24 in Spermatophores and Spermatophore Producing Internal Organs of Cleridae (Coleoptera: Clerinae): their Biological and Phylogenetic Implications

Figs. 23–30. Female reproductive organs. 23–24) Phlogistomorph croesus (Blackburn); 24) spermatophore; 25) Phlogistus imperialis (Gorham) spermatophore; 26) Zenithicola funestus Chevrolat; 27) Trogodendron fasciculatum (Schreiber); 28) Scrobiger splendidus (Newman); 29) Balcus signatus Broun; 30) Dieropsis quadriplagiata (Gorham).

Figs. 16–22. Female reproductive organs. 16–17 in Spermatophores and Spermatophore Producing Internal Organs of Cleridae (Coleoptera: Clerinae): their Biological and Phylogenetic Implications

Figs. 16–22. Female reproductive organs. 16–17) Trichodes oregonensis Barr; 16) spermatophore in situ; 17) spermatophore; 18) Trichodes ornatus (Say); 19) spermatophore; 20–21) Aulicus edwardsii (Horn); 21) spermatophore; 22) Opilo domesticus (Sturm).

Figs. 1–6. Male reproductive organs. 1–3 in Spermatophores and Spermatophore Producing Internal Organs of Cleridae (Coleoptera: Clerinae): their Biological and Phylogenetic Implications

Figs. 1–6. Male reproductive organs. 1–3) Trichodes ornatus (Say); 2) spermatophore glands; 3) cross-section of inner chamber of spermatophore gland; 4) Aulicus edwardsii (Horn);

FIGURE 6 in On spermatophore-producing aquatic microdrile oligochaetes (Annelida: Clitellata)

FIGURE 6. Smithsonidrilus species (from Smithsonian Institution collection). A. S. marinus marinus Brinkhurst, 1966, copulatory organ. B. S. multiglandularis Erséus, 1990, copulatory glands. C–G. S. marinus marinus: C. Histological section of the male duct. D. Spermathecal duct containing free sperm, and glands associated with the duct. E. Detail of D. F,G. Thecacysts in the spermathecal ampulla, with details of the ectal (F) and ental (G) ends. H,I. S. marinus westoni Erséus, 1990, thecacysts in spermathecal ampulla (H) and detail (I). J. S. multiglandularis, thecacysts in the spermathecal ampulla. Abbreviations: co copulatory organ, ed ejaculatory duct, gl gland, mb male bursa, s sperm, sa spermathecal ampulla, sd spermathecal duct.

FIGURE 4 in On spermatophore-producing aquatic microdrile oligochaetes (Annelida: Clitellata)

FIGURE 4. Aktedrilus species forming spermatophores (from Swedish Museum of Natural History collection). A. A. mediterraneus (Erséus, 1980), spermatophore in segment XI. B–C. A. arcticus (Erséus, 1978), histological sections of the male duct. D. A. labeosus (Baker & Erséus, 1982), copulatory bursa and glandular organ. E,F. A. mediterraneus, histological sections of the male duct. Abbreviations: a atrium, cb copulatory bursa, go glandular organ, gr glandular ring, ms male sac, o ovary, sf sperm funnel, sph spermatophore, vd vas deferens.

FIGURE 5 in On spermatophore-producing aquatic microdrile oligochaetes (Annelida: Clitellata)

FIGURE 5. Uktena riparia Fend, Rodriguez & Lenat, 2015. A. Ventral side showing 2 stained spermatophores attached to the base of a protruded copulatory organ. B. Detail of the spermatophore protruding from male pore, and genital chaetae. C. Copulatory organ and associated gland within the spermathecal bursa, with spermatophores attached to its base. D. Male bursa with showing one of the several glandular organs. E. Detail of the atrium showing folded epithelium and long prostatic glands. F. Spermatophore forming in the atrial duct. G. Sperm lined up along the epithelium of the spermathecal ampulla. A,C,E from Fend's coll.; D,F,G from MNCN collection; all from the type locality. Abbreviations: a atrium, co copulatory organ, gc genital chaetae, gl gland, mb male bursa, mp male pore, pr prostatic cells, sb spermathecal bursa, sph spermatophore, ssg secretory surface of the gland.

FIGURE 3. Paranadrilus descolei Gavrilov, 1955. A–G,I,J in On spermatophore-producing aquatic microdrile oligochaetes (Annelida: Clitellata)

FIGURE 3. Paranadrilus descolei Gavrilov, 1955. A–G,I,J from Marchese's collection, H,K,L from Gavrilov's collection. A. Anterior part of the body. B. Ventral gland in the posterior part of segment V. C. Spermatophores within a lateral pouch in the anterior part of segment XII. D. Detail of the attachment of the spermatophores within the pouch. E. Transverse section of the empty spermatophore pouch. F. Sperm funnel and male pore slit. G. Bulbous male sac containing the copulatory organ, and empty spermatophore pouch behind septum 11/12. H. Scarcely developed male sac containing a long copulatory organ covered by a chitinous layer in a dissected specimen from Gavrilov's type collection. I. Male sac with copulatory organ and copulatory bursa. J. Spermatophore in the ental part of the copulatory bursa. K,L. Segment XI of the lectotype of P. descolei, showing the large ovary, the bulbous male sac filled by glandular secretions and spermatozoids, and the copulatory bursa with folded walls. A,E,G,I–L, histological sections. Abbreviations: at attachment site, cb copulatory bursa, co copulatory organ, ed ejaculatory duct, m muscular layer, mp male pore, ms male sac, o ovary, ph pharynx, sf sperm funnel, sp spermatophore pouch, sph spermatophore, vd vas deferens.

FIGURE 2. Bothrioneurum species. A–E. B in On spermatophore-producing aquatic microdrile oligochaetes (Annelida: Clitellata)

FIGURE 2. Bothrioneurum species. A–E. B. vejdovskyanum Štolc, 1886 (from Tarmo Timm's collection). A. Spermatophore attached to the clitellar region. B. Atrium with a diffuse layer of prostatic cells. C,D. Copulatory organ (= paratrium). E. Developing sperm morulae in the coelom (composed from 2 photos). F–J. B. brauni Marcus, 1949 (Marchese's collection). F. Spermatophore capsule. G. Detail of sperm funnel and atrium. H. Junction of atrium and ental section of the copulatory bursa. I,J. Copulatory organ (= paratrium) with conical projection of glands to the copulatory bursa. B, D, G–J histological sections. Abbreviations: a atrium, cb copulatory bursa, gl gland, m muscular layer, pa paratrium, pr prostatic cells, sf sperm funnel, t testis, vd vas deferens.