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233 results for “turning”
Rapid acceleration offsets the costs of intermittent locomotion in lizards when turning
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Global-scale characterization of turning points in arid and semi-arid ecosystem functioning
<p>Data accompanying the paper:</p> <p>Bernardino, P., De Keersmaecker, W., Fensholt, R., Verbesselt, J., Somers, B. and Horion, S. 2020. Global-scale characterization of turning points in arid and semi-arid ecosystem functioning.</p>
Fig. 2. A B in A 3D interactive method for estimating body segmental parameters in animals: Application to the turning and running performance of Tyrannosaurus rex
Fig. 2. A B-spline solid is a closed object whose shape can be adjusted by moving control points (dark points) that deforms the local portion of the object near the control point. The initial cylindrical shape in A is adjusted (B and C) by pulling out the points at the ends and drawing the points in the middle closer to the axis.
Fig. 1 in A 3D interactive method for estimating body segmental parameters in animals: Application to the turning and running performance of Tyrannosaurus rex
Fig. 1. Body segments can be created using mass objects of different density and shape. Mass objects can be collected into mass sets to calculate their combined inertial properties; the most inclusive Tyrannosaurus mass set (whole body) is outlined here, as well as the trunk segment and its embedded mass objects.
Fig. 1 in A 3D interactive method for estimating body segmental parameters in animals: Application to the turning and running performance of Tyrannosaurus rex
Fig. 1. Body segments can be created using mass objects of different density and shape. Mass objects can be collected into mass sets to calculate their combined inertial properties; the most inclusive Tyrannosaurus mass set (whole body) is outlined here, as well as the trunk segment and its embedded mass objects.
Data from: Turning defence into offence? intrusion of cladoceran brood chambers by a green alga leads to reproductive failure
Microalgae are the foundation of aquatic food webs. Their ability to defend against grazers is paramount to their survival, and modulates their ecological functions. Here we report a novel anti-grazer strategy in the common green alga Chlorella vulgaris against two grazers, Daphnia magna and Simocephalus sp. The algal cells entered the brood chamber of both grazers, presumably using the brood current generated by the grazer's abdominal appendages. Once inside, the alga densely colonised the eggs, significantly reducing reproductive success. The effect was apparent under continuous light or higher light intensity. The algal cells remained viable following removal from the brood chamber, continuing to grow when inoculated in fresh medium. No brood chamber colonisation was found when the grazers were fed the reference diet Raphidocelis subcapitata under the same experimental conditions, despite the fact that both algal species were readily ingested by the grazers and were small enough to enter their brood chambers. These observations suggest that C. vulgaris can directly inflict harm on the grazers' reproductive structure. There is no known prior example of brood chamber colonisation by a microalgal prey; our results point to a new type of grazer-algae interaction in the plankton that fundamentally differs from other antagonistic ecological interactions.
Data from Soil chemistry turned upside down: a meta-analysis of invasive earthworm effects on soil chemical properties
<p>Recent studies have shown that invasive earthworms can dramatically reduce native biodiversity, both above and below the ground. <a name="_Hlk9515878">However, we still lack a synthetic understanding of the underlying mechanisms behind these changes, such as whether earthworm effects on soil chemical properties drive such relationships</a>. Here, we investigated the effects of invasive earthworms on soil chemical properties (pH, water content, and the stocks and fluxes of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus) by conducting a meta-analysis. Invasive earthworms generally increased soil pH, indicating that the removal of organic layers and the upward transport of more base-rich mineral soil caused a shift in soil pH. Moreover, earthworms significantly decreased soil water content, suggesting that the burrowing activities of earthworms may have increased water infiltration of and/or increased evapo-transpiration from soil. Notably, invasive earthworms had opposing effects on organic and mineral soil for carbon and nitrogen stocks, with decreases in organic, and increases in mineral soil. Nitrogen fluxes were higher in mineral soil, whereas fluxes in organic soil were not significantly affected by the presence of invasive earthworms, indicating that earthworms mobilize and redistribute nutrients among soil layers and increase overall nitrogen loss from the soil. Invasive earthworm effects on element stocks increased with ecological group richness only in organic soil. Earthworms further decreased ammonium stocks with negligible effects on nitrate stocks in organic soil, whereas they increased nitrate stocks but not ammonium stocks in mineral soil. Notably, all of these results were consistent across forest and grassland ecosystems underlining the generality of our findings. However, we found some significant differences between studies that were conducted in the field (observational and experimental settings) and in the lab, such as that the effects on soil pH decreased from field to lab settings, calling for a careful interpretation of lab findings. Our meta-analysis provides strong empirical evidence that earthworm invasion may lead to substantial changes in soil chemical properties and element cycling in soil. Furthermore, our results can help explain the dramatic effects of invasive earthworms on native biodiversity, e.g., shifts towards the dominance of grass species over herbaceous ones, as shown by recent meta-analyses.</p>
Data from: Ants show a leftward turning bias when exploring unknown nest sites
Behavioural lateralization in invertebrates is an important field of study because it may provide insights into the early origins of lateralization seen in a diversity of organisms. Here, we present evidence for a leftward turning bias in Temnothorax albipennis ants exploring nest cavities and in branching mazes, where the bias is initially obscured by thigmotaxis (wall-following) behaviour. Forward travel with a consistent turning bias in either direction is an effective nest exploration method, and a simple decision-making heuristic to employ when faced with multiple directional choices. Replication of the same bias at the colony level would also reduce individual predation risk through aggregation effects, and may lead to a faster attainment of a quorum threshold for nest migration. We suggest the turning bias may be the result of an evolutionary interplay between vision, exploration and migration factors, promoted by the ants' eusociality.
Crank Turning Data
<p>This folder contains measurements during the task of planar crank turning. This data was collected as part of Joe Derringer's PhD thesis[<a href="https://dspace.mit.edu/handle/1721.1/9395">Link</a>]. This data set contains measurements of crank positions, crank velocities, forces, moments, and EMG. Further documentation is included in the ReadMe.txt file. The methods sections of the cited papers explicitly detail the experimental protocol. </p><p>This data set was presented in the following journal papers:</p><p>James Hermus, Joseph Doeringer, Dagmar Sternad, and Neville Hogan, "Separating neural influences from peripheral mechanics: the speed-curvature relation in mechanically constrained actions" Journal of Neurophysiology 2020 123:5, 1870-1885 [<a href="https://journals.physiology.org/doi/full/10.1152/jn.00536.2019">Link</a>]</p><p>James R Hermus, Joseph Doeringer, Dagmar Sternad, and Neville Hogan, "Dynamic Primitives in Constrained Action: Systematic Changes in the Zero-Force Trajectory" Currently accepted to the Journal of Neurophysiology [<a href="https://journals.physiology.org/doi/abs/10.1152/jn.00082.2023">Link</a>]</p><p>The code used for analysis in the paper "Dynamic Primitives in Constrained Action" is also archived on Zenodo [<a href="https://zenodo.org/records/10059510">Link</a>] and available on Github [<a href="https://github.com/jameshermus/crankTurning-dynamicPrimitives">Link</a>].</p><p>This data set was also presented in a conference paper:</p><p>J. Hermus, D. Sternad and N. Hogan, "Evidence for Dynamic Primitives in a Constrained Motion Task," 2020 8th IEEE RAS/EMBS International Conference for Biomedical Robotics and Biomechatronics (BioRob), New York, NY, USA, 2020, pp. 551-556. [<a href="https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/9224352">Link</a>]</p><p> </p>
Data of Paper "Turning a Multilingual Historical Archive into an Information System through Post-OCR Correction and Content-Based Indexation"
<p>We evaluated our approach on a collection of 946 historical documents belonging to the Biblioteca Nacional de Catalunya (BNC), spanning from 1914 to 1951. Each document is the issue of a magazine, comprising different articles by different authors. This implies that, despite the thematic nature of magazines and specific issues, there is a certain degree of heterogeneity in each document. Magazines were selected based on their relevance w.r.t. art in general and, more specifically, early 20th century avant-garde movements (e.g., Dadaism, Cubism, etc.). For each document, we have the scanning of the original artifact and the plain raw text extracted through ABBYY FineReader OCR tool. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first Catalan-dominated OCR corpus ever released. </p>
Sitting man turned to Stone, Laguna Beach
Taken with an iPhone 6. Get the Trnio app at www.trnio.com Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Dataset for Can we predict kick force based solely on spatial-temporal variables? Applying long short-term memory model for predicting force values of turning and side kick of taekwon-do athletes
<p>This data set is created for a purpose of publication "<span>Can we predict kick force based solely on spatial-temporal variables? Applying long short-term memory model for predicting force values of turning and side kick of taekwon-do athletes". It contains of dataset of kicks and lstm models for predictions a force of kicks upon IMU data. Detailed description of file names are in readme file. Folders are divided into specific kicks - turning or side kick in sport or traditional versions.</span></p>
Fly to Target and Turn Dataset -- Gaussian Splatting Holodeck and PyBullet Simulator
<p>Gaussian Splatting and PyBullet Simulation Datasets in 3Hz, 9Hz, and mixed (1-10Hz) frequency framerates. The task is to fly to the red or blue target, then turn left if the target is red and turn right if the target is blue. Velocity labels are also provided for each timestep for velocity in the xyz directions and the yaw rate. </p> <p> </p>
Bottle-calibrated dissolved oxygen profiles from yearly turn-around cruises for the Ocean Observations Initiative (OOI) Irminger Sea Array 2014-2022
<p>This dataset contains bottle-calibrated dissolved oxygen (DO) profiles collected from Conductivity Temperature Depth (CTD) casts on turn-around cruises performed yearly to maintain the Ocean Observations Initiative (OOI) Global Irminger Sea Array (60.46°N, 38.44°W). DO profiles were used in conjunction with oxygen bottle measurements (Winklers) to produce a post-cruise oxygen-calibrated CTD product for scientific use. Bottle-calibrated CTD salinity products were used to produce post-cruise oxygen-calibrated CTD profiles starting in 2018 (Year 5). This document contains overviews of CTD data collection and processing and post-processing oxygen sensor calibration method. Reports for each cruise include a summary of relevant cruise events, oxygen sensor calibration results, and issues/problems associated with oxygen data collected on each cruise. This dataset has been created for end-users that require field-calibrated oxygen data products that are currently not provided by OOI through its standard data dissemination.</p>
Data used for analyzing a turning-ascending flight of a H. pratti bat
<p>Bats exhibit a high degree of agility and provide an excellent model system for bioinspired flight. The current study investigates an ascending right turn of a H. pratti bat and elucidates on the kinematic features and aerodynamic mechanisms used to effectuate the maneuver. To initiate and sustain the turn, the bat utilizes roll and yaw rotations of the body to different extents synergistically to generate the centripetal force for a stable turn. The turning moments are generated by drawing the wing inside the turn closer to the body, by introducing phase lags in force generation between the wings and redirecting force production to the outer part of the wing outside of the turn. Deceleration in flight speed, an increase in flapping frequency, shortening of the upstroke, and thrust generation at the end of the upstroke was observed during the ascending maneuver. The bat consumes about 0.67 W power to execute the turning ascending maneuver which is approximately two times the power consumed by similar bats during level flight. Upon comparison with a similar maneuver by a H. armiger bat [P. Windes, D.K. Tafti, R. Müller, Kinematic and aerodynamic analysis of a bat performing a turning-ascending maneuver, Bioinspiration and Biomimetics. 16 (2020). doi:10.1088/1748-3190/abb78d.], some commonalities as well as differences were observed in the detailed wing kinematics and aerodynamics.</p>
Knifefish turning performance during forward swimming
<p>Rapid turning and swimming contribute to ecologically important behaviors in fishes such as predator avoidance, prey capture, mating, and the navigation of complex environments. For riverine species, such as knifefishes, that are commonly challenged by turbulent flows, turning control may be effective for counteracting adverse locomotive perturbations. Most research on fish maneuvering focuses on fish with traditional fin and body morphologies, which primarily use body bending and the pectoral fins during turning. However, it is uncertain how fishes with uncommon morphologies, are able to achieve sudden and controllable turns. Here we studied the turning performance and the turning hydrodynamics of the Black ghost knifefish (Apteronotus albifrons, N=6) which has an atypical elongated ribbon fin. Fish were filmed while swimming forward at ~2 BL s-1 and feeding from a fixed feeder (control) and an oscillating feeder (75 Hz) at two different amplitudes. 3D kinematic analysis of the body revealed the highest pitch angles and lowest body bending coefficients occurred during steady swimming. Low pitch angle, high maximum yaw angles and large body bending coefficients were characteristic of small and large turns. Asynchrony in pectoral fin use was low during turning, however ribbon fin wavelength, frequency, and wave speed were greatest during large turns. Digital particle image velocimetry (DPIV) showed larger counter-rotating vortex pairs produced during turning by the ribbon-fin in comparison to vortices rotating in the same direction during steady swimming. Our results highlight the ribbon fin's role in controlled rapid turning through modulation of wavelength, frequency, and wave speed.</p>
Coordination of two opposite flagella allows high-speed swimming and active turning of individual zoospores
<p>This contains the datasets of zoospores swimming in water at global scale and during a turning event. We also include the Matlab files for computing the data of global scale data and the simulation for zoospore spreading.</p>
Distribution. NE & C Vietnam, known only from Cat Ba I, Ha Long Bay (Haiphong Province) and Chu Mom Ray National Park (Kon Turn Province) in Hipposideridae
Distribution. NE & C Vietnam, known only from Cat Ba I, Ha Long Bay (Haiphong Province) and Chu Mom Ray National Park (Kon Turn Province)
OPENING SESSION: Shifting paradigms: Turning non-conventional to non-negotiable
<p><em>What are the global systems of industry, manufacture and education which label bamboo and adobe as ’non-conventional’ and concrete and steel as ‘conventional?</em> Are these systems designed for equity and social & environmental justice, or are they perpetuating systems of power which were established in colonial times? Are we encouraging the next generation of decision makers to think about choices of materials and technologies outside of the technical realm, so that they may be a part of the paradigm shift required for transformational change to occur? </p> <p>Search for a definition of non-conventional materials and technologies (NOCMAT), and you are more likely to find 'bamboo and adobe’ than 'concrete and steel’. But if over 90% of global dwellings fall into the NOCMAT category, then why are these materials still considered non-conventional? As we search for low-carbon alternatives for the built environment, NOCMAT is a most promising solution. Perhaps it is time we shift the paradigm and drop the 'non-conventional' label in favour of 'non-negotiable’; our lives on this planet could depend on it. </p> <p>These are the big issues which were explored by NOCMAT’s expert panel during the opening plenary session on 7 June 2022.</p>
A turn in species conservation for hairpin banksias: Demonstration of oversplitting leads to a better management of diversity
<p>We generated SNP genotype data and chloroplast genomic data to test the current taxonomy and infer a population-scale evolutionary scenario for the Hairpin Banksias (<em>B. collina, B. cunninghamii, B. neoanglica, B. spinulosa </em>and <em>B. vincentia</em>) and outgroups using a sample-set comprehensive in its representation of morphological diversity and a two-and-a-half thousand kilometer distribution. Here, we provide an archive of these SNP genotype and chloroplast sequence alignment data.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.