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Graph database of the urban road network of Modena

The file contains a dump of the neo4j instance of the road network of the city of Modena. The database contains both the primal graph and the dual graph and integrates traffic volume data and Points Of Interest (POI). The database is generated from Open Street Map data exploiting the code in <a href="https://anonymous.4open.science/r/roadRouting-2D96">this</a> git repository. The git repository shows how to employ the graph database for analysis, routing, and the simulation of road closure scenarios.

opencc-by-4.0Feb 2021View details →

BQE WIM Data Year 4 Project (Implementation and Effectiveness of Autonomous Enforcement of Overweight Trucks in an Urban Infrastructure Environment)

BQE (Brooklyn-Queens Expressway) WIM Data for QB (Queens Bound) and SIB (Staten Island Bound)

Volume of Interest: Exploring New Data Types in Urban Functional Zones

随着全球城镇化的发展,实现城市功能区的精细化识别已成为一项挑战。基于POI数据的传统方法不足以识别不同区域的功能特征。以往研究中基本单位设置不精确、POI重分类标准模糊、功能区定义模糊等局限性,成为获得准确识别结果的重大障碍。为了解决这些问题,本研究提出了一种将POI数据扩展到三维空间并生成VOI(感兴趣体积)数据的方法。以香港一个小区域为例,采用一系列指标量化功能特征,然后将识别结果与基于POI的方法进行比较。最终鉴定总体准确率和kappa系数分别达到85.67%和0.7619,表明基于VOI的方法与实际情况基本吻合。分析表明,VOI数据包含更丰富、更全面的城市空间信息,能够更好地反映城市内不同区域之间的联系和影响。本研究可为城市功能区深入研究提供参考案例。

Urban Building Energy Modelling for the Renovation Wave: A Bespoke Approach Based on EPC Databases

Dataset associated to the article: Rodríguez-Álvarez, J.Urban Building Energy Modelling for the Renovation Wave: A Bespoke Approach Based on EPC Databases. Buildings 2023, 13, x. It contains filtered EPC datasets as xls and csv and shapefiles with the buildings' geometry and estimated energy loads

Validating NISAR's cropland mapping approach and the USDA/NASS Cropland Data Layer against ground truth data in a fragmented urban agricultural region

Field data used in manuscript: 1 shapefile containing the ROI outline for which Sentinel-1 data was cropped 1 shapefile containing the 93 fields investigated with their names, types and sizes as attributes  8 annual csv data for active fields, consisting of 3 harvest dates and 5 planting dates. This list is after translating data from Farmlogic Report (not conducive to analysis in the format) and filtering for fields greater 1 acre. The study lateron further screened to use only fields greater than 2 acreas (0.81 hectares).

Measurement report: Atmospheric nitrate radical chemistry in the South China Sea influenced by the urban outflow of the Pearl River Delta

Supporting dataset for Measurement report: Atmospheric nitrate radical chemistry in the South China Sea influenced by the urban outflow of the Pearl River Delta.

Data from: Concrete survivors: The herpetofauna of an urban green area over 100 years of increasing urbanization

The goal of our study was to evaluate changes in the assemblage of reptiles in an urban habitat over 100 years of increasing urbanization, aiming to identify which ecological attributes allowed the persistence of species that can be found in the area today. To accomplish that, we accessed historical records in two important scientific collections for the study area and carried out fieldwork to access the current reptile assemblage in an urban green area, in São Paulo, Brazil. The dataset presented here is the result of all individuals collected in the study area between 1908 and 2019, including also the animals collected by the authors during the fieldwork carried out in 2016 and preserved in the collection.

Data from: Direct and indirect effects of urbanization, pesticides, and wild insect pollinators on mango yield

<ol> <li>Expanding cities increasingly encroach fertile farmlands, questioning the viability of maintaining agriculture within and around them. Yet, our knowledge on how urbanization influences pollinator communities and the provision of pollination services to crops is limited, especially for the urbanization hotspots of the Global South. </li> <li>Mango (Mangifera indica) is one of the most important fruit crops in tropical countries. To analyze the dependency of mango on its main insect pollinators, and the direct and indirect effects of urbanization and insecticides on pollinator abundance and mango yield, we conducted a pollinator exclusion experiment and sampled flower visitors on 16 mango farms spread across rural-urban landscapes in Bengaluru, a South Indian megacity. </li> <li>We found that allowing flowers access to ants and flying visitors (bees, hoverflies, non-syrphid flies), dramatically increased mango yield by 350%, highlighting the importance of wild insects for mango pollination. We detected a trend between wild bee abundance and the final fruit set, with an increase of 20% when the number of bees increased from 25 to 125. </li> <li>Urbanization did not directly affect pollinator abundance or mango yield. However, the amount of insecticide applications had strong negative effects on wild bee abundance at low and intermediate levels of urbanization, while it had no effect in highly urbanized areas, presumably because of higher availability of flowering resources. Moreover, the amount of insecticides decreased the weight of harvested mango fruits by almost 30%. This may indicate trade-offs between conventional pest control and enhanced crop yields through pollination by wild insects in rural areas. </li> <li> Synthesis and applications. Our results indicate that mango production can be maintained at a profitable level in urbanized landscapes with insect pollinators more than tripling final yield. However, increasing use of insecticides, besides raising farmers' expenses, can have negative effects on wild insect pollinators and mango yield, especially in rural areas. To safeguard crucial pollination services, it is therefore critical to conserve and promote wild insect pollinators by minimizing the negative effects of insecticide applications in these areas. </li> </ol>

Impressive pan-genomic diversity of E. coli from a wild animal community near urban development reflects human impacts

Data provided here support the findings of this study and code will allow the replication of analyses therein. To do so, first download and unzip the associated data files. For each analysis, the following files are required: PCAs: PCA.R, prokka_annotations.zip (and VirulenceFinder_results.csv for virulence factor PCA) Sankey diagram: Plasmid_AMR_Sankey.R, mlplasmids_results.zip, MOBsuite_results.zip, ResFinder_results.csv Pathotype assignment: VF_data_analysis.R, VirulenceFinder_results.csv TableS1_Ecoli_metadata.csv contains the isolate metadata (n=143) for all above analyses.

Data on elements in the litter produced by urban tree species (Jacaranda mimosifolia and Piscidia piscipula)

These data were obtained in the metropolitan region of Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico for a study related to the evaluation of chemical elements of the inflorescence litter produced by two species of trees that are established in urban sites. Specifically, the objective of this study was to evaluate the nutritional properties and chemical composition of inflorescence litter for two tree species commonly used in urban landscaping, Jacaranda (Jacaranda mimosifolia) and Jabin (Piscidia piscipula), and mixtures of inflorescence litter material with Andosol type soil in an experiment.

PODCAST KLEINKIRCHEN-PILGERN 4: Urbane Künste Ruhr zum "Healing Complex"

Mit dem Healing Complex bietet sich in Gelsenkirchen in der ehemaligen Kirche St. Bonifatius einen Gemeinschaftsraum mit künstlerischem Mehrwert. Der backsteinsichtige Bau, 1964 errichtet nach Entwürfen des Architekten Ernst von Rudloff, birgt im <a href="https://www.architektur-bildarchiv.de/image/St.-Bonifatius-Kirche-Gelsenkirchen-11145.html">Inneren </a>einen sehenswerten, von einer Betonfaltdecke überfangenen Raum mit umlaufendem Oberlicht. Die Ausstattung übernahmen damals der Künstler Alfons Kirchbaum für die liturgischen Orte und der Maler Gerhard Bücker 1979 für die Glasgestaltung. 2007 wurde die Kirche geschlossen und 2016 an einen Bäckereibetrieb verkauft. Mit dem Healing Complex, einem Projekt von Urbane Künste Ruhr mit der Künstlerin <a href="https://irenahaiduk.com/post/626ff18d581bec0f2f7e8378">Irena Haiduk</a>, soll die Nutzung der Kirche neu entwickelt werden. Ein speziell entwickelter Ofen soll, so das Ziel, einmal drei Dinge gleichzeitig ermöglichen – das Baden (Saunieren), das Backen und die Herstellung von Kunstwerken. In einer ersten Ausstellungsphase werden Elemente dieser Idee erprobt. Britta Peters (Urbane Künste Ruhr) und Yasemin Utku (TH Köln) berichten im Gespräch von ihren Erfahrungen mit und ihren Eindrücken von dem Projekt. (Karin Berkemann, 14./18.6.22)

Data from: Not all mammalian small carnivores are equal: A global review of the research effort in urban areas

Human population increase and anthropogenic land-use changes are impacting biodiversity globally. Information on their impacts on urban wildlife is becoming increasingly apparent. Despite an increasing trend in urban wildlife studies, a systematic assessment of mammalian small carnivores in urban areas is lacking. We evaluated urban studies in international peer-reviewed journals using a systematic review process. We assessed urban wildlife publications from 1970–2021 to quantify trends over time regarding the taxonomic family and geographical focus of publications across the globe. Urban small carnivore studies have increased progressively through the decades, with 87.2% of all studies conducted in the last 20 years. Geographically, we found that small carnivore studies were disproportionately conducted, with 77.0% of all studies taking place in either North America (46.5%) or Europe (30.5%). Furthermore, the United States of America (39.8%) and the United Kingdom (11.4%) contributed to 51.2% of all studies focused on small carnivores. We found seven carnivore families represented in urban studies, consisting of 76 species. Two canid species, Vulpes vulpes (21.9%) and Canis latrans (16.9%), accounted for 38.8% of all studies conducted on urban small carnivores. The majority of studies took place in mixed or urban areas (79.8%), with suburban and exurban zones explored to a lesser extent (16.6%). Animal behaviour was the most studied scientific topic (24.6%), with the least being species conservation (0.3%). Critical gaps persist in the research of small mammalian carnivores, particularly in rapidly urbanising areas of Asia, Africa, and South America. While the field of urban ecology will certainly continue to advance, we urge future research to adopt a multi-disciplinary stance that explores the landscape transitional zones, from the periphery of the urban core (sub-urban, peri-urban, and exurban) into natural systems; or urban mosaic landscapes with natural and managed green spaces as refugia. The importance of urban fringe and margin areas for small carnivores remains largely unclear.

GRASS GIS Location for urban growth case study in Triangle area, NC, USA

GRASS GIS Location containing data prepared for a FUTURES urban growth modeling case study for the broader Raleigh-Durham area in North Carolina, USA. Contains NLCD 2001-2019 (land cover for all years; 2001 and 2019 impervious descriptor), county boundaries, USGS DEM, PAD-US protected areas.

A secure future? Human urban and agricultural land use benefits a flightless island-endemic rail despite climate change

Identifying environmental characteristics that limit species' distributions is important for contemporary conservation and inferring responses to future environmental change. The Tasmanian native hen is an island-endemic flightless rail and a survivor of a prehistoric extirpation event. Little is known about the regional-scale environmental characteristics influencing the distribution of native hens, or how their future distribution might be impacted by environmental shifts (e.g., climate change). Using a combination of local fieldwork and species distribution modelling, we assess environmental factors shaping the contemporary distribution of the native hen, and project future distribution changes under predicted climate change. We find 37.2% of Tasmania is currently suitable for the native hens, owing to low summer precipitation, low elevation, human-modified vegetation, and urban areas. Moreover, in unsuitable regions, urban areas can create 'oases' of habitat, able to support populations with high breeding activity by providing resources and buffering against environmental constraints. Under climate change predictions, native hens were predicted to lose only 5% of their occupied range by 2055. We conclude that the species is resilient to climate change and benefits overall from anthropogenic landscape modifications. As such, this constitutes a rare example of a flightless rail to have adapted to human activity.

Climatologial analysis of urban heat island effects in Swiss cities

Dataset, namelists and python scripts for the paper "Climatologial analysis of urban heat island effects in Swiss cities".

Southeast US Urban Convective Morphological Statistical Tests

Dataset to accompany the publication "Weakly Forced Thunderstorms in the Southeast U.S. are Stronger Near Urban Areas" in Geophysical Research Letters by Paul Miller and Neil Debbage. The file contains the urban versus non-urban mean values for 31 cities in the Southeast US for the following variables: initiation time (decimal hours since 1200 UTC), duration (min), total lifetime thunderstorm pixels, maximum composite reflectivity (dBZ), maximum number of thunderstorm pixels during any single volume scan, maximum pixel ratio. T statistics and p values for the urban vs non-urban t-tests are also provided. More information can be found in the associated manuscript.

Possibly pathogenic bacteria in aerosols and foams as a result of aeration remediation in a polluted urban waterway

Dataset for samples collected in Newtown Creek between 2019 and 2022.

Urban Heat: Forward-Looking Climate Modeling for Skopje, North Macedonia

We produced actionable data on heat stress in cities to inform analysis and client dialogue on the part of World Bank teams. We applied an urban-scale climate modeling framework to generate datasets describing modeled heat stress exposure for present-day and future conditions under selected climate scenarios. The study domain focuses on Skopje, North Macedonia. More details about the dataset:  <ul> <li>The dataset includes calculations for each indicator across three scenarios (present, SSP1-1.9, SSP3-7.0) and three twenty-year periods (2001-2020, 2021-2040, and 2041-2060). The present period refers to 2001-2020, while the other two periods correspond to the two SSP scenarios.</li> <li>All indicators are available in both NetCDF and GeoTiff formats.</li> <li>The indicators are calculated at a resolution of 100 m, consistent with the UrbClim and WBGT simulations. Additionally, downscaled versions of the indicators are provided at a resolution of 30 m.</li> <li>The UrbClim and WBGT simulations, as well as the postprocessing, are conducted using the regional projection EPSG 32634. The NetCDF and GeoTiff data also adopt this projection. Furthermore, a GeoTiff data file with EPSG 4326 projection is included.</li> <li>All indicators are calculated as yearly averages. Some indicators also have additional calculations for seasonal averages, including Spring (MAM), Summer (JJA), Autumn (SON), and Winter (DJF).</li> <li>Ten representative locations within the study domain have been selected to retrieve the WBGT profile on a chosen date (2017-07-11). The results and the locations are stored in wbgt_profile.xlsx.</li> <li>Images for quick viewing in png format visualizing the results for each indicator. Present denotes the period 2001-2020; 2030 denotes the period 2021-2040; & 2050 denotes the period 2041-2060.</li> <li>The NetCDF and GeoTiff data can be found in the data.zip; The png files for quick viewing can be found in quickview.zip; more information about the dataset, including the methodology, all available data list, contact information, etc. can be found in the Technical_Annex_Skopje.docx</li> </ul>

zEPHYR - Urban Canopy

Open access database for the 3rd benchmark on Urban Canopy in zEPHYR.