FIGURE 25. Xeropsalta rattrayi n in Two new genera and five new species of Mugadina - like small grass cicadas (Hemiptera: Cicadidae: Cicadettini) from Central and Eastern Australia: comparative morphology, songs, behaviour and distributions

FIGURE 25. Xeropsalta rattrayi n. sp., all cage recordings: (A), overview waveform showing the repeated and moderately extended echemes, approximately 1–1.5 s in duration, with multiple interspersed short echemes (0.16–0.27 s durations, mean RR 2.5 Hz). A distinctive property of all these echemes is their termination with sharply defined, and relatively abrupt increase in amplitudes. (B), time expanded waveform of a longer echeme (see Fig. 25A for location), illustrating the changing amplitudes, initially low intensity, followed at approximately 0.3 sec with a marked increase which extends for about 0.4–0.5 s, followed by a decreasing amplitude segment (approximately 0.2 s duration), and the final sharp increase at the echeme termination. (C), a more detailed time expanded segment from the initial 90 ms of the echeme (illustrated in previous Fig. 25 B); this illustrates the initial syllable doublets, these progressively merging into longer macrosyllable with 6 pulses. (D), time expanded view of a complete short echeme (location shown in Fig. 25A), illustrating the extended low amplitude macrosyllables, these initially comprised syllable doublets, which very slowly increase in amplitude and progressively merge, leading at the end of the echeme to the final sharp amplitude 'inflation'. Unfiltered.