Figures 13-15 from: Boudinot B (2013) The male genitalia of ants: musculature, homology, and functional morphology (Hymenoptera, Aculeata, Formicidae). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 30: 29-49. https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.30.3535

Figures 13-15 - Penisvalva muscles and morphology. 13 Formica obscuripes ectal view, 0.5 mm 14 Messor andrei ventral, 0.2 mm 15 Labidus coecus ectal view, ki is on mesal face of valvura, 1.0 mm. Abbreviations: Lp lateral apodeme of penisvalva; Vc valviceps; Vu valvura. Muscles: h h' i j k l;insertion of muscle 'x': xi; origin of muscle 'x': xo.