Figures 1-5 from: Simon E (2013) Preliminary study of wing interference patterns (WIPs) in some species of soft scale (Hemiptera, Sternorrhyncha, Coccoidea, Coccidae). ZooKeys 319: 269-281. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.319.4219

Figures 1-5 - 1 General scheme of the fore wing (after Koteja 2008) acp-alar cupolae, afx-anterior flexing patch, alf-alar fold, alp-alar lobe, asfd-anterior subcostal field, ast-alar setae, clfd-claval (anal) field, cofd-costal field or thickening, cufd-cubital field, cur-cubital ridge, mat-macrotrichia, mit-microtrichia, pfx-posterior flexing patch, psfd-posterior subcostal field, ptst-pterostigma, rs-"radial sector", scr-subcostal ridge 2, 3 Pulvinaria vitis (Linnaeus): scanning electron microphotographs of the wing, showing its microsculpture 4, 5 Male of Pulvinaria vitis (Linnaeus) on white background, with invisible WIPs, and 2 on a black background, showing WIPs.