FIGURE 9 in The genus Tibicina Kolenati, 1857 in Morocco (Hemiptera: Cicadidae: Tibicininae): taxonomic assessment from integrative research

FIGURE 9. Calling song recording of T. q. pilleti Puissant ssp. n. with a digitization at 44.1 kHz sampling frequency. A, spectra (frequency vs. absolute amplitude). B, spectrogram and C, oscillogram (from top to bottom) of the beginning of the sequence. D, oscillogram of a part of C showing groups of pulses (slow amplitude modulation). E, detailed spectrogram and F, oscillogram of a part of D showing a train of groups of pulses in detail. F1, F2*, F3: three frequency peaks with F2* as carrier frequency; FFT: fast Fourier transform; GP: group of pulses (= syllable); MF: frequencies of maximum amplitude; N: number of males (N = 4) analyzed; n: number of measurements for sampling (n = 337); NAV: number of amplitude variations; light grey spectrum (at bottom): minimum amplitude spectrum plotted from the minimum amplitude value for each frequency; black spectrum (at middle): average linear amplitude spectrum plotted from the average amplitude value recorded for each frequency; grey spectrum (at top): maximum amplitude spectrum plotted from the maximum amplitude value recorded for each frequency.