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276 results for “spermatogenesis”
Figure 4 in Ultrastructure of spermatozoa and spermatogenesis in Octopus minor (Sasaki, 1920) (Cephalopoda: Octopoda)
Figure 4. Observation of tail of spermatozoon of Octopus minor under TEM. (A) Longitudinal section of the mitochondria and fibrous sheath at middle piece of tail; (B) transverse section of the mitochondria and fibrous sheath at middle piece of tail; (C) transverse section at principal piece; (D) longitudinal section at principal piece; (E) transverse section of the mitochondria sheath at middle piece of tail; (F–H) different transverse sections at principal piece; (I) transverse section at end piece of tail. CM: chondriosomal mantle; CF: coarse fibre; DT: digitiform tuber; FS: fibrous sheath; M: mitochondria; FSR: fibrous sheath remnant.
Figure 3 in Ultrastructure of spermatozoa and spermatogenesis in Octopus minor (Sasaki, 1920) (Cephalopoda: Octopoda)
Figure 3. Observation of head and neck of spermatozoon of Octopus minor under TEM. (A–B) Longitudinal section of spermatozoon at acrosome and anterior nucleus; (C–D) transverse section of acrosome; (E–G) longitudinal section of spermatozoon at nucleus, endonuclear channel and neck; (H) transverse section of spermatozoon at anterior nucleus; (I) transverse section of posterior nucleus. AV: acrosomal vesicle; AVL: acrosomal vesicle lacuna; PT: protuberance; SAL: sub-acrosomal lacuna; ST: striation; SM: skirt membrane; EC: endonuclear channel; CF: coarse fibre.
Figure 1 in Ultrastructure of spermatozoa and spermatogenesis in Octopus minor (Sasaki, 1920) (Cephalopoda: Octopoda)
Figure 1. Spermatophore and spermatozoa of Octopus minor under the light microscope. (A) Spermatophore; (B) sperm mass; (C) cement body; (D) ejaculatory apparatus; (E) the cap thread; (F) enlarged ejaculatory apparatus and cap thread structure; (G) region of connection of cement body and ejaculatory apparatus; (H) spermatozoon; (I) spermatozoa with entangled flagella.
Data from: Evidence for parallel evolution of a gene involved in the regulation of spermatogenesis
PHD finger protein 7 (Phf7) is a male germline specific gene in Drosophila melanogaster that can trigger the male germline sexual fate and regulate spermatogenesis, and its human homologue can rescue fecundity defects in male flies lacking this gene. These findings prompted us to investigate conservation of reproductive strategies through studying the evolutionary origin of this gene. We find that Phf7 is present only in select species including mammals and some insects, whereas the closely related G2/M-phase specific E3 ubiquitin protein ligase (G2e3) is in the genome of most metazoans. Interestingly, phylogenetic analyses showed that vertebrate and insect Phf7 genes did not evolve from a common Phf7 ancestor but rather through independent duplication events from an ancestral G2e3. This is an example of parallel evolution in which a male germline factor evolved at least twice from a pre-existing template to develop new regulatory mechanisms of spermatogenesis.
Data from: A study of the transit amplification divisions during spermatogenesis in Oncopeltus fasciatus to assess plasticity in sperm numbers or sperm viability under different diets
Oncopeltus fasciatus males fed the ancestral diet of milkweed seeds prioritize reproduction over lifespan as evidenced by higher rates of fertility and shorter lifespans than males from the same population fed the adapted diet of sunflower seeds. We examined the proximate mechanisms by which milkweed-fed males maintained late-life fertility. We tested the hypothesis that older milkweed-fed males maintained fertility by producing more, higher quality sperm. Our results, that older males have more sperm, but their sperm do not have higher viability, is in general agreement with other recent studies on how nutrition affects male fertility in insects. We further examined the mechanisms by which sperm are produced by examining the progression of spermatogonial cells through the cell cycle during the transit amplification divisions. We demonstrated that diet affects the likelihood of a spermatocyst being in the S-phase or M-phase of the cell cycle. Given work in model systems, these results have implications for subtle effects on sperm quality either through replication stress or epigenetic markers. Thus, viability may not be the best marker for sperm quality and more work is called for on the mechanisms by which the germline and the production of sperm mediate the cost of reproduction.
Supplementary material 1 from: Sadaqa E, Utami RA, Mudhakir D (2024) In vitro cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of Phyllanthus niruri extract loaded chitosan nanoparticles in TM4 cells and their influence on spermatogenesis. Pharmacia 71: 1-14. https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.71.e112138
Supplementary information
Figure 7 from: Sadaqa E, Utami RA, Mudhakir D (2024) In vitro cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of Phyllanthus niruri extract loaded chitosan nanoparticles in TM4 cells and their influence on spermatogenesis. Pharmacia 71: 1-14. https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.71.e112138
Figure 7 Imaging of cellular morphological change in the presence of ChNP and PNNP. TM4 cells were incubated in the absence of nanoparticles (a) and in the presence of ChNP at 50 µg/mL (b), PNNP at 125 µg/mL (c), and ChNP at 200 µg/mL (d). Images were captured 2 h after transfection using a 20× lens on a CLSM (Olympus FV-1200) and the nucleus was stained with Hoechst 33342 (blue). The bar indicates 50 µm.
Figure 9 from: Sadaqa E, Utami RA, Mudhakir D (2024) In vitro cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of Phyllanthus niruri extract loaded chitosan nanoparticles in TM4 cells and their influence on spermatogenesis. Pharmacia 71: 1-14. https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.71.e112138
Figure 9 Claudin 11 expression in the presence of ChNP and PNNP. TM4 cells were incubated with ChNP 50 µg/mL, PNNP 125 µg/mL and ChNP 200 µg/mL for 24 h. a. Confocal images of claudin 11 expression after cells were incubated with a secondary antibody goat anti-rabbit IgG Alexa Fluor 488 (green) and the nucleus was stained with Hoechst 33342 (blue). The bars indicate 50 µm; b. Histogram of downregulation claudin 11 expression. The results are shown as mean ± SE of two separate studies (n = 50). ns (not significant) p > 0.05. Stars (***) indicate significance when compared with the control group (untreated cells) (p < 0.001). Pound signs (###) demonstrate significance compared with ChNP 50 µg/mL.
Figure 8 from: Sadaqa E, Utami RA, Mudhakir D (2024) In vitro cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of Phyllanthus niruri extract loaded chitosan nanoparticles in TM4 cells and their influence on spermatogenesis. Pharmacia 71: 1-14. https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.71.e112138
Figure 8 Connexin 43 expression in the presence of ChNP and PNNP. TM4 cells were incubated with ChNP 50 µg/mL, PNNP 125 µg/mL and with ChNP 200 µg/mL for 24 h. a. Confocal images of connexin 43 expression after cells were incubated with a secondary antibody goat anti-rabbit IgG Alexa Fluor 488 (green) and the nucleus was stained with Hoechst 33342 (blue). The bars indicate 50 µm. b. Histogram of downregulation of connexin 43 expression. The results are shown as mean ± SEM of two separate studies (n=50). ns (not significant) p > 0.05. Stars (***) indicate significance when compared with the control group (untreated cells) (p < 0.001). Pound signs (###) demonstrate significance compared with ChNP 50 µg/mL.
Figure 6 from: Sadaqa E, Utami RA, Mudhakir D (2024) In vitro cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of Phyllanthus niruri extract loaded chitosan nanoparticles in TM4 cells and their influence on spermatogenesis. Pharmacia 71: 1-14. https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.71.e112138
Figure 6 DNA breakage caused by ChNP and PNNP using FHA. TM4 cells were incubated with various concentration of ChNP (25, 50, 200 µg/mL) and PNNP (62.5, 125, 500 µg/mL) for 2 h. Positive control 100 µm H2O2 was used and incubated for 15 min. Photomicrograph obtained by Inverted Microscope Olympus IX73. Single stranded DNA was stained with ethidium bromide of a. NEgative control (untreated cells); b. H2O2; c.ChNP 25 µg/mL; d.ChNP 50 µg/mL; e.ChNP 200 µg/mL; f.PNNP 62.5 µg/mL; g.PNNP 125 µg/mL; h.PNNP 500 µg/mL. The bar indicates 5 µm. i. Histogram showing DNA damage level using NDF from several randomly selected microscope images. The results are shown as mean ± SEM of three independent experiments (n=150). ns (not significant) p > 0.05. ***p < 0.001 when compared to the corresponding control group.
Figure 4 from: Sadaqa E, Utami RA, Mudhakir D (2024) In vitro cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of Phyllanthus niruri extract loaded chitosan nanoparticles in TM4 cells and their influence on spermatogenesis. Pharmacia 71: 1-14. https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.71.e112138
Figure 4 Cell viability percentage after 24 hours of exposure to various concentrations of ChNP and PNNP assessed by CCK8 test. The values are presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD) (n = 3). All data were analyzed using One-way ANOVA. The stars indicate significant difference between control negative (untreated cells) and various treatment groups (P < 0.05 significantly different, p-value ≥ 0.05 was determined as non-significant (ns). A p-value score of between 0.01 and 0.05 was considered significant (*), between 0.01 and 0.001 as very significant (**), and < 0.001 as extremely significant (***).
Figure 3 from: Sadaqa E, Utami RA, Mudhakir D (2024) In vitro cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of Phyllanthus niruri extract loaded chitosan nanoparticles in TM4 cells and their influence on spermatogenesis. Pharmacia 71: 1-14. https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.71.e112138
Figure 3 Illustration of the TGA, DTG, and DTA curves for A.ChNP and B.PNNP. DTA curves are represented in green, DTG curves in red, and TGA curves in blue.
Figure 5 from: Sadaqa E, Utami RA, Mudhakir D (2024) In vitro cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of Phyllanthus niruri extract loaded chitosan nanoparticles in TM4 cells and their influence on spermatogenesis. Pharmacia 71: 1-14. https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.71.e112138
Figure 5 DNA damage caused by ChNP and PNNP using comet assay. TM4 cells were incubated with various concentrations of ChNP and PNNP for 2 h. Positive control 100 µm H2O2 was used and incubated for 15 min. Comet images demonstrating the degree of DNA damage on TM4 cells were captured using Inverted Microscope Olympus IX73. Single stranded DNA was stained with ethidium bromide. Comet images displayed untreated cells as control (a), H2O2-treated cells (b), and ChNP-treated cells at concentrations of 25 µg/mL (c), 50 µg/mL (d), and 200 µg/mL (e), as well as PNNP-treated cells at concentrations of 62.5 µg/mL (f), 125 µg/mL (g), and 500 µg/mL (h). The bar indicates 5 µm. Quantitative assessment of DNA damage was performed by measuring olive tail moment (i) and % tail DNA (j). The data are presented as the mean ± SEM of three independent trials (n=200), ns (not significant) (***p < 0.001, **p < 0.01, *p < 0.05 when compared to the corresponding control group).
Figure 1 from: Sadaqa E, Utami RA, Mudhakir D (2024) In vitro cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of Phyllanthus niruri extract loaded chitosan nanoparticles in TM4 cells and their influence on spermatogenesis. Pharmacia 71: 1-14. https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.71.e112138
Figure 1 Transmission electron microscope (TEM) images showing morphology of A. unloaded ChNP compared to B.PNNP. The scale bar represents 100 nm.
Figures 1-2 from: Chaves MF, Moura GJB, Tenório FCMA, Baptista JS, Lapa Neto CJC, Texeira VW, Texeira ÁAC (2017) Influence of rainfall and temperature on the spermatogenesis of Leptodactylus macrosternum (Anura: Leptodactylidae). Zoologia 34: 1-7. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.34.e20782
Figures 1-2 - Climatological variations in the Horto Florestal Olho d'Água da Bica (HFODB) in the municipality of Cuité, state of Paraíba, Brazil between January and December 2013: (1) total rainfall (mm); (2) mean and standard deviation of the temperature (°C).
Figures 3-6 from: Chaves MF, Moura GJB, Tenório FCMA, Baptista JS, Lapa Neto CJC, Texeira VW, Texeira ÁAC (2017) Influence of rainfall and temperature on the spermatogenesis of Leptodactylus macrosternum (Anura: Leptodactylidae). Zoologia 34: 1-7. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.34.e20782
Figures 3-6 - Histologic sections of Leptodactylus macrosternum testes, stained in HE, collected between the months of May to August and November to December in the Horto Florestal Olhod'Água da Bica (HFOB) area in the municipality of Cuité, state of Paraíba, Brazil. (3) section at 40x: (TA) tunica albuginea, (Med) mediastinum; (4) section at 40x TA: (St1) primary spermatid, (ST2) secondary spermatid, (Sp1) primary spermatocyte; (5) section at 40x TA: (Sg1) primary spermatogonia, (SG2) secondary spermatogonia, (Sp2) secondary spermatocyte, (Z) sperm; (6) section at 40x: (*) lumen with sperm. Scale bars: 3 = 500 µm, 4–6 = 50 µm.
Figure 2 in Investigation of protective effects of lithium borate on spermatogenesis and testes histopathology against cadmium-induced acute toxicity in rats
Figure 2. In testicular tissue, control group, normal histological appearance (A), Cd group, severe hyperaemia (arrows) and haemorrhage (stars) in intertubular intervals, severe levels degenerative and necrotic changes in spermatocytes (arrowhead) (B), LTB group, normal histological appearance (C), LTB + Cd group, oedema in intertubular intervals (stars), mild degeneration of spermatocytes (arrows) (D), H&E, Bar: 20 µm.
Figures 5–9 in Testisacs microanatomy and spermatogenesis of Helobdella simplex (Hirudinida: Glossiphoniidae)
Figures 5–9. Helobdella simplex, cross section of the testisac in stages IV and V of spermatogenesis: (5–7) Stage IV, mature spermatozoa attached to the cytophore and free in the testisac lumen; initiation of reabsorption processes. (8) Reacting and direct (autolysis) reabsorption. (9) Stage V, nuclei of germinal cells with piknosis and hyperchromatosis. (C) Cytophore, (ca) cytophore in autolysis, (ep) primary spermatocytes, (et) spermatids, (ez) spermatozoa, (fa) phagocytes, (p) piknosis. Scale bars: 50 µm.
A Study on Spermatogenesis in Male Renal Transplant Recipients Receiving Valganciclovir (Valcyte®) Versus Untreated Matched Controls
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01663740. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 2. Publications: 0.
Atrasentan Spermatogenesis and Testicular Function
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02118714. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 4. Publications: 0.
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