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2,225 results for “reversal”
Figure 1 in Nest-site microhabitat association of red-billed leiothrix in subtropical fragmented forest in central China: evidence for a reverse edge effect on nest predation risk?
Figure 1. Study areas and vegetation types for nest-site selection of the red-billed leiothrix in Daweishan Nature Reserve (DSNR; 28°20′54″–28°28′47″N, 114°01′51″–114°12′52″E), Hunan Province, China.
Fig. 1 in Reversal to a Two-Ovaries State in Scarabaeinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)
Fig. 1. Dorsal view of the relictual ovary of Onthophagus rhinolophus. Lo = left ovariole; Ro = right ovariole; g = germarium; v = vitellarium; bo = basal oocyte; lc = left calyx; rc = right calyx; ov = oviduct.
FIGURE 5. Pestalotiopsis hydei. a. Colony top view. b. Colony reverse view. c in Additions to pestalotioid fungi in Thailand: Neopestalotiopsis hydeana sp. nov. and Pestalotiopsis hydei sp. nov.
FIGURE 5. Pestalotiopsis hydei. a. Colony top view. b. Colony reverse view. c. Conidiomata on PDA. d–e. Conidiogenous cells. f–k. Conidia. Scale bars d, e = 10 µm, f–k = 20 µm.
FIGURE 3. Neopestalotiopsis hydeana. a. Colony top view. b. Colony reverse view. c in Additions to pestalotioid fungi in Thailand: Neopestalotiopsis hydeana sp. nov. and Pestalotiopsis hydei sp. nov.
FIGURE 3. Neopestalotiopsis hydeana. a. Colony top view. b. Colony reverse view. c. Conidiomata on PDA. d–f. Conidiogenous cells. g–k. Conidia. Scale bars d = 20 µm, e–g = 10 µm, h–k = 10 µm.
FIGURE. Myrmecridium schulzeri (IFRD500–012) a, b. Colonies on natural substrate. c–e. Conidiophores with conidia. f, g. Conidiogenous cells with conidia. h–l. Conidia. m Germinating conidia on PDA. n, o. Culture on PDA, n. from front, o. from reverse. Scale bars: c–e, h = 20 μm, m = 10 μm, f, g = 5 μm, i–l = 2 μm. in Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau: a mycological hotspot
FIGURE. Myrmecridium schulzeri (IFRD500–012) a, b. Colonies on natural substrate. c–e. Conidiophores with conidia. f, g. Conidiogenous cells with conidia. h–l. Conidia. m Germinating conidia on PDA. n, o. Culture on PDA, n. from front, o. from reverse. Scale bars: c–e, h = 20 μm, m = 10 μm, f, g = 5 μm, i–l = 2 μm.
FIGURE 1. A–D in Cancer strigosus Linnaeus, 1760: neotype selection, its identification with Cancer cancharus Linnaeus, 1758, and reversal of precedence (Crustacea: Decapoda: Galatheidae)
FIGURE 1. A–D, Galathea strigosa (Linnaeus, 1761), male neotype, carapace length 46.7 mm), Norway, AM P.272: A, dorsal habitus; B, anterior cephalothorax, ventral view; C, right maxilliped 3; D, carapace and abdomen, dorsal view. E, Cancer cancharus Linnaeus, 1758, syntype, carapace length 34.9 mm, Norwegian Seas, UUZM 257.
Reversal data during aggregation of Myxococcus xanthus
<p>Reversal data of the bacterium Myxococcus xanthus during<br>the formation of aggregates under starvation conditions. The data is<br>separated into two files based on whether an individual bacterium is<br>moving towards or away from the nearest aggregate. Space is measured<br>in micrometers and time in minutes. Each file includes the length of<br>time before the bacteria changes directions, the speed during that<br>period, the distance from the nearest aggregate, the bearing angle<br>with respect to that aggregate, and the local cellular density when a<br>bacterium starts moving in a new direction.<br><br>This data was obtained by processing images from the Welch Lab at<br>Syracuse University. These images are published in "Cell behaviors<br>underlying Myxococcus xanthus aggregate dispersal" (DOI:<br><a href="https://doi.org/10.1128/msystems.00425-23" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">https://doi.org/10.1128/msystems.00425-23</a>). The associated dataset is<br><a href="../records/8166434" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">https://<span>zenodo</span>.org/records/8166434</a>.</p>
High-intensity fires may have limited medium-term effectiveness for reversing woody plant encroachment in an African savanna
<p>1. Woody thickening or "bush encroachment" is a growing concern in savannas worldwide and can reportedly be reversed by applying high-intensity fires. Preliminary findings following experimental fires in 2010 and 2013 indicated that woody plant cover declined one year after high-intensity fires, but increased after low-intensity fires. However, the longer-term outcomes of high-intensity fires are largely unknown.</p> <p>2. To establish longer-term outcomes, we re-assessed sites subjected to Low, Medium and High-intensity fire treatments 10 years after the initial experimental fires. We compared woody vegetation structure in 2010 with that in 2020 using both ground surveys and airborne LiDAR.</p> <p>3. Ground surveys revealed increases in the number of stems and individual shrubs (< 10 m tall) over 10 years, and decreases in shrub height, with no significant differences between treatments. Large trees (≥ 10 m) declined by about 65% in number due to ongoing high mortality across treatments over 10 years.</p> <p>4. LiDAR surveys revealed significant but very small differences in woody plant height and cover between treatments after 10 years. Median height was around 2 m in all treatments, and 90<sup>th</sup> percentile tree height was moderately taller in the Low fire treatment. Mean canopy cover was about 55% in all treatments. The treatments, therefore, did not result in a meaningful reversal of woody encroachment with no discernible difference between the treatment sites after 10 years.</p> <p>5. <em>Synthesis and applications</em>. The application of high-intensity fires did not reverse woody encroachment in the longer term. In addition, the application of such treatments would be impractical at a large scale. Within a framework of Strategic Adaptive Management, the next logical step would be to attempt a different approach. In this case, it is intended to use early or late wet season burns to increase the mortality of shrubs when they are in a more vulnerable phenological state. This study illustrates the importance of ongoing long-term monitoring, review and adaptation for finding practical ways to achieve desired ecological outcomes.</p>
Steady-state and time-resolved data for the article "Genetically encoded non-canonical amino acids reveal asynchronous dark reversion of chromophore, backbone and side-chains in EL222"
<p>1. Steady-state data</p> <p>Spectra were taken with/without continuous irradiation with a wavelength of 450 nm.</p> <p>1.1 CNF absorption region (2200-2260 cm<sup>-1</sup>)</p> <p>1.2. Amide absorption region (1500-1800 cm<sup>-1</sup>)</p> <p>1.3. UV/Visible absorption region (320-550 nm)</p> <p>Each spectral region has 3 datasets:</p> <p>- DARK</p> <p>- LIT (photostationary state)</p> <p>- DIFFERENCE (lit-minus-dark)</p> <p>The first row contains the variants.</p> <p>The first column contains the wavenumber (in cm<sup>-1</sup>) or wavelength (in nm).</p> <p>2. Time-resolved data.</p> <p>Dark recovery reaction after switching lights off (wavelength of 450 nm).</p> <p>2.1. EL222_WT_H2O</p> <p>2.2. EL222_WT_D2O</p> <p>2.3. EL222_W31CNF</p> <p>2.4. EL222_L35CNF</p> <p>2.5. EL222_N53CNF</p> <p>2.6. EL222_Y136CNF</p> <p>2.7. EL222_M151CNF</p> <p>2.8. EL222_L216CNF</p> <p>2.9. EL222_LOV_H2O</p> <p>2.10. EL222_LOV_D2O</p> <p>For each variant we have measured 3 spectral regions (except for 2.1, 2.2., 2.9 and 2.10, which lack CNF):</p> <p>- CNF: 2200-2270 cm<sup>-1</sup></p> <p>- AMIDE: 1500-1750 cm<sup>-1</sup></p> <p>- UVVIS: 320-550 nm</p> <p>For each probe we have 2 datasets:</p> <p>- DATA: the experimental lit-minus-dark absorbance difference spectra. </p> <p>The first row contains the time delays (in seconds).</p> <p>The first column contains the wavenumbers (in cm<sup>-1</sup>) or wavelength (in nm).</p> <p>- LDA: the lifetime density maps calculated from the corresponding DATA using the inverse Laplace transform and maximum entropy penalty.</p> <p>The first row contains the lifetimes (in seconds).</p> <p>The first column contains the wavenumbers (in cm<sup>-1</sup>) or wavelength (in nm).</p> <p>If you use these datasets please cite:</p> <p>Chaudhari, A.S.; Chatterjee, A.; Domingos, C.A.O.: Andrikopoulos, P. C.; Liu, Y.; Andersson, I.; Schneider, B.; Lórenz-Fonfría, V.A.; Fuertes, G. Genetically Encoded Non-canonical Amino Acids Reveal Asynchronous Dark Reversion of Chromophore, Backbone and Side-chains in EL222. <em>Protein Science</em>. 2023 <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/pro.4590">https://doi.org/10.1002/pro.4590</a></p>
Unexpected degrees of male courtship in a highly sexually dimorphic sex-role reversed species: raw data
<p>This repository contains the behavioural data collected from video recordings of 10 mesocosms containing *S. nigra* males and females (which were run in 2020-2021). The goals of the study are to:</p> <p>1. Describe the courtship behaviours of these sexually dimorphic fish<br> 2. Establish whether one sex is more active in courtship than the other<br> 3. Determine factors the influence sex-specific behaviours</p> <p>The data provided here are in two zipped directories: Chase_datasheets/ and BORIS_data/. Both contain data from analysis of videos in BORIS. The BORIS_data/ contains the majority of the courtship behaviours, but the videos were re-analysed to investigate chase behaviours after the courtship behaviours were scored. The chase behaviour data is in Chase_datasheets/.</p>
Data from: Ready to detect a reversal of time's arrow: a psychophysical study using short video clips in daily scenes
<p><span>It is generally believed that time flows in one direction and that a reversal of time's arrow would render the external world nonsensical. We </span><span>evaluated</span><span> our ability to tell the direction of time's arrow in a wide range of dynamic scenes in our daily life by presenting 360 video clips in the correct or incorrect direction</span><span>. </span><span>Participants, who judged the direction in a speeded manner, erred in 39% of trials when a video was played in reverse</span><span>,</span><span> but in </span><span>only </span><span>9% when it was played normally. Due to the bias favouring the "forward" judgement, reaction was generally faster for the forward response. However, </span><span>the</span><span> reaction became paradoxically faster and more synchronous for the detection of reversal in some critical occasions such as forward motion</span><span>, </span><span>free fall, diffusion, division, and addition of materials by hand. Another experiment with a fraction of the video clips revealed that reversal replay of these videos provided instantaneous evidence strong enough to overtake the forward judgment bias. We suggest that our brain is equipped with a system that predicts how the external organisms behave or move in these critical occasions and that the prediction error of the system contributes to the fast "reversal" detection. </span></p>
Spin Dynamics, Loop Formation and Cooperative Reversal in Artificial Quasicrystals with Tailored Exchange Coupling
<p>The attachment contains the dataset for the manuscript entitled "Spin Dynamics, Loop Formation and Cooperative Reversal in Artificial Quasicrystals with Tailored Exchange Coupling".</p> <p> </p>
Fig. 4. Compounds 1, 21 in Six C21 steroidal glycosides from Cynanchum wallichii Wight roots and their multidrug resistance reversal activities
Fig. 4. Compounds 1, 21, and 25 can reverse drug resistance by decreasing P-gp, NF-κB, and c-jun gene and protein expression. (A–C) MDR1, NFκB, and JUN gene expression in MCF-ADR and HepG2-ADM cells following co-treatment with 1, 21, and 25 and Doxorubicin. (D–E) MDR1, NFκB, and Jun protein expression in MCFADR and HepG2-ADM cells treated with 1, 21, and 25 in combination with DOX.
Fig. 3. The C21 in Six C21 steroidal glycosides from Cynanchum wallichii Wight roots and their multidrug resistance reversal activities
Fig. 3. The C21 steroid compounds (1–28) exhibited DOX resistance reversing activity (A) Cell viability following treatment with compounds 1–28. (B) CI value for DOX and the isolated compounds in HepG2/ ADM and MCF7/ADR cells. (C) Intersection diagram for DOX and 50% of the steroid compounds with the highest IC50 values at the same concentration. (D) Molecular docking model findings for the computer simulation of the multidrug resistance-associated protein (P-gp) and the steroid compounds.
Fig. 2 in Six C21 steroidal glycosides from Cynanchum wallichii Wight roots and their multidrug resistance reversal activities
Fig. 2. NF-κB expression in breast cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma Adriamycin-resistant cell lines with increased P-gp expression and significant drug resistance (A) Cell viability in DOX-treated MCF-7 and HepG2 cells and drug-resistant MCF-7/ADR and HepG2/ADM cells. (B–D) Background expression of proteins (P-gp) and genes (MDR1, NFκB, JUN) in DOX-treated MCF-7 and HepG2 cells and in drug-resistant MCF-7/ADR and HepG2/ADM cells.
Fig. 10 in Diterpenoids from Euphorbia royleana reverse P-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug resistance in cancer cells
Fig. 10. Binding pose of 15 with human Pgp. The P-gp model was generated based on the PDB structure of human P-gp (Code: 6QEX) and was portrayed as a cartoon (light green). Residues involved in the interaction were colored yellow, while the surfaces of the hydrophobic pocket packing with 15 were colored light brown red. The hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic forces were shown as red dashed lines and yellow dashed lines, respectively. The structural figures were drawn in Accelrys Discovery Studio 2016. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)
Fig. 9 in Diterpenoids from Euphorbia royleana reverse P-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug resistance in cancer cells
Fig. 9. (A) Inhibitory effects of 15 on the accumulation of rhodamin-123 (Rho-123) in HepG2/DOX. (B) Inhibitory effects of 15 on the efflux of Rho-123 in HepG2/ DOX. Scale bar = 200 μm.
Fig. 7 in Diterpenoids from Euphorbia royleana reverse P-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug resistance in cancer cells
Fig. 7. Mediated multidrug resistance (MDR)-reversing effects of the compounds on doxorubicin (DOX)-resistant human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (HepG2/ DOX).
Fig. 6 in Diterpenoids from Euphorbia royleana reverse P-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug resistance in cancer cells
Fig. 6. Experimental ECD spectrum of 3 (red line) and calculated ECD spectra (200–400 nm) of (3S,4S,5R,8S,10S,11R,13R,14R,15R)-3a (black line) and (3R,4R,5S,8R,10R,11S,13S,14S,15S)-3b (blue line). (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)
Fig. 5 in Diterpenoids from Euphorbia royleana reverse P-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug resistance in cancer cells
Fig. 5. Experimental CD spectrum (red line) of compound 2, and the Rh2(OCOCF3)4 induced CD spectrum (black line) of 2 in CH2Cl2 for 190–450 nm (left), and the applied bulkiness rule for secondary alcohols (right). (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.