Primary Assay — Goldfish
Schooling / Shoaling
Carassius auratus
Goldfish form loose shoals with measurable polarization, nearest-neighbor distance, and group cohesion. Used for sociality, drug, and pollutant testing.
Quantitative Output
Measured Parameters
Every parameter is automatically tracked frame-by-frame in the ConductVision pipeline for Carassius auratus.
| Parameter | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Polarization | index | Heading alignment |
| Nearest-neighbor distance | BL | Inter-fish spacing |
| Time in group | % | Cohesion |
| Group radius | BL | Spread |
References
Citations for Schooling / Shoaling
- Pitcher TJ. (1986). Functions of shoaling behaviour in teleosts. In: The Behaviour of Teleost Fishes.
Compatible Equipment
Hardware for Goldfish Research
Aquatic Plus-Maze Tank
Spatial cognition
Shuttle-Box Avoidance System
Operant learning
Schooling / Shoaling Arena
Group behavior
Vestibular Rotation Platform with Eye Tracker
VOR plasticity
Two-Choice Color Discrimination Tank
Visual cognition
Related Assays
Other Goldfish Primary Assays
14
Spatial Memory (Plus Maze / Hole-Board)
Carassius auratus
Goldfish learn the location of a goal in a plus maze or aquatic hole-board. Trials to criterion and place vs cue strateg…
14
Active Avoidance (Shuttle Box)
Carassius auratus
Goldfish learn to cross a barrier to avoid a shock paired with a tone or light. Acquisition curves and asymptotic perfor…
14
Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex (VOR)
Carassius auratus
Whole-body rotation evokes compensatory eye movement gains. Goldfish are a classical model for cerebellar VOR plasticity…
Run Schooling / Shoaling on ConductVision
Our team will configure the protocol, camera rig, and analysis pipeline for your goldfish facility.
