Operant Conditioning
Automated reinforcement schedules, lever/nose-poke tracking, pellet dispensing, and self-administration paradigms. ConductMaze controls every aspect of the operant chamber — from stimulus delivery to data collection.
Progressive Ratio
The progressive ratio (PR) schedule is the gold standard for measuring the reinforcing efficacy of drugs, food, and other rewards.
8 parametersFixed Ratio
The fixed ratio (FR) schedule is one of the four foundational reinforcement schedules described by B.
7 parametersVariable Ratio
The variable ratio (VR) schedule delivers reinforcement after an unpredictable number of responses that varies around a specified mean.
7 parametersFixed Interval
The fixed interval (FI) schedule reinforces the first response emitted after a fixed period of time has elapsed since the last reinforcer.
7 parametersVariable Interval
The variable interval (VI) schedule reinforces the first response after a variable time period that averages around a specified mean.
8 parametersDiscrimination Training
Discrimination training teaches an animal to respond in the presence of a specific discriminative stimulus (SD) and withhold responding in the presence of a different stimulus (S-delta).
8 parametersReversal Learning
Reversal learning assesses cognitive flexibility by training an animal on a stimulus-response contingency and then reversing the reward contingencies.
7 parametersDelayed Matching-to-Sample
Delayed matching-to-sample (DMTS) is a working memory paradigm in which the subject is presented with a sample stimulus, followed by a delay period, and then must select the matching stimulus from a set of comparisons.
7 parametersDelayed Non-Matching-to-Sample
Delayed non-matching-to-sample (DNMTS) is a recognition memory paradigm in which the subject must choose the novel (non-matching) stimulus after a delay period.
7 parametersExtinction
Extinction is the process by which a previously reinforced operant response decreases in frequency when the reinforcement contingency is removed.
7 parametersGo/No-Go
The go/no-go task measures inhibitory control — the ability to execute a response on "go" trials and withhold responding on "no-go" trials.
8 parametersDifferential Reinforcement
Differential reinforcement of low rates (DRL) is a schedule that reinforces a response only if a minimum inter-response time (IRT) has elapsed since the previous response.
7 parametersSelf-Administration
Intravenous self-administration (IVSA) is the gold standard for assessing the reinforcing properties of drugs of abuse.
9 parametersReinstatement
The reinstatement model is the most widely used preclinical paradigm for studying relapse to drug seeking.
8 parametersIncubation of Craving
The incubation of craving phenomenon describes the time-dependent increase in drug-seeking behavior during protracted withdrawal.
8 parametersPavlovian Autoshaping
Pavlovian autoshaping (sign-tracking versus goal-tracking) measures individual differences in Pavlovian conditioned approach behavior by presenting a retractable lever-CS that predicts food delivery to an adjacent magazine.
8 parametersConditioned Taste Aversion
Conditioned taste aversion (CTA) is a robust associative learning paradigm in which a novel taste (typically saccharin solution) is paired with gastrointestinal malaise induced by lithium chloride injection, producing rapid and durable avoidance of the conditioned taste.
9 parametersReady to Automate Your Operant Conditioning Protocols?
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