Wire Hang (Inverted Grid)

Overview

The wire hang test (also called the inverted grid or wire suspension test) measures muscular strength and endurance by placing the animal on a wire grid or single wire that is then inverted, forcing the animal to hang by its paws against gravity. The latency to fall is the primary endpoint and reflects forelimb and hindlimb grip endurance — a composite measure of neuromuscular function that includes both grip strength and fatigue resistance.

Unlike the grip strength meter (which measures peak instantaneous force), the wire hang test assesses sustained muscular effort over time, making it particularly sensitive to fatigue and endurance deficits in neuromuscular disease models. It is widely used for phenotyping mdx (Duchenne muscular dystrophy), SOD1 (ALS), and SMN-deficient (SMA) mice, where progressive hold-time reduction tracks disease progression.

ConductMaze automates timing via platform-mounted sensors that detect the moment of fall, eliminating observer variability. The software supports single-wire and grid variants, configurable maximum hang times, repeated trials with mandatory rest intervals, and body-weight normalization for cross-genotype comparisons.

Trial Flow

start

Place on Grid

Place animal on wire grid with all four paws gripping

process

Invert Grid

Slowly invert grid 180° over padded surface

process

Hang Phase

Animal hangs inverted; timer running

decision

Fall Detection

Sensor detects landing on padded surface below

output

Record Latency

Log hang time and whether max time was reached

process

Rest Interval

Mandatory rest before next trial

end

Next Trial / End

Repeat for scored trials, compute hold score

Parameters

ParameterTypeDefaultDescription
Grid TypeenumWire GridHanging surface (Wire Grid, Single Wire, Knotted Wire)
Max Hang Timeseconds600Maximum allowed hang time before trial ends (ceiling)
Number of Trialsinteger3Trials per session (best or average used)
Inter-Trial Restseconds300Rest period between trials to prevent cumulative fatigue
Fall Heightcm30Height above padded landing surface
Body WeightgramsMeasuredFor computing holding impulse (time × weight)

Metrics

MetricUnitDescription
Hang TimesecondsLatency to fall — primary muscular endurance measure
Holding Impulseg·sHang time × body weight — normalizes for size differences
Mean Hang TimesecondsAverage latency across all trials
Best Hang TimesecondsMaximum hang time achieved across trials
Fatigue RatioratioLast trial / first trial hang time — endurance index
Repositioning EventscountNumber of times animal shifts grip while hanging

Sample Data

SubjectGroupTrialHang_Time_sBody_Weight_gHolding_Impulse_gs

Representative data for illustration purposes. Actual values will vary by species, strain, and experimental conditions.

Applications

  • 1
    Muscular dystrophyprogressive endurance decline in mdx and DBA/2J-mdx models
  • 2
    ALS researchlongitudinal motor neuron degeneration tracking in SOD1-G93A mice
  • 3
    SMA phenotypinggrip endurance as functional readout in SMN-deficient mice
  • 4
    Drug efficacyevaluating myostatin inhibitors, gene therapy, and exon-skipping compounds
  • 5
    Neurotoxicologydetecting chronic neuromuscular impairment from environmental toxicants

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