Research data · Disease model and test
Prepulse inhibition and acoustic startle in autism spectrum disorder research
From 2021 to 2025, 31 animal research papers on autism spectrum disorder mentioned prepulse inhibition and acoustic startle in their title or abstract.
That is 1.8 times the 17 papers of 2011 to 2015. Between the same two periods, the papers on autism spectrum disorder that mention any of the 90 tests we count grew faster, to 3.5 times as many.
Papers by year
Animal research papers on autism spectrum disorder that mention prepulse inhibition and acoustic startle, by year, 2001 to 2026
The 2026 bar counts papers added to PubMed by November 8, 2026.
- Papers in a full year
- 2026 so far
Show the counts for each year
| Year | Papers |
|---|---|
| 2001 | 0 |
| 2002 | 0 |
| 2003 | 0 |
| 2004 | 0 |
| 2005 | 1 |
| 2006 | 1 |
| 2007 | 1 |
| 2008 | 1 |
| 2009 | 5 |
| 2010 | 3 |
| 2011 | 3 |
| 2012 | 3 |
| 2013 | 1 |
| 2014 | 2 |
| 2015 | 8 |
| 2016 | 5 |
| 2017 | 4 |
| 2018 | 8 |
| 2019 | 6 |
| 2020 | 4 |
| 2021 | 5 |
| 2022 | 10 |
| 2023 | 7 |
| 2024 | 4 |
| 2025 | 5 |
| 2026 (part year) | 1 |
Papers on autism spectrum disorder that mention prepulse inhibition and acoustic startle fell from 5 in 2021 to 4 in 2024, then rose to 5 in 2025. Part of this dip may come from PubMed's indexing rather than from fewer studies. Where PubMed has indexed a paper, we take its disease models from that indexing. Otherwise PubTator 3, NCBI's text-mining service, has to find the disease in the title or abstract, or the paper is not counted here. Papers that PubMed indexed under the subject heading Animals also fell and rose, from 200,221 in 2021 to 156,447 in 2023 and 235,479 in 2025.
Which species the papers used
Each bar is a share of the 31 papers from 2021 to 2025. A paper can use more than one species, so the shares can add to more than 100%.
Species
“Other animals” counts papers that use none of the species this chart names.
Tests mentioned alongside prepulse inhibition and acoustic startle
Each bar is one test, with how many of the 31 papers also mention it, and what share that is. Of these papers, 19 (61%) mention no other test.
The 12 tests these papers mention most
Which papers count
A paper counts here when it is animal research, mentions prepulse inhibition and acoustic startle in its title or abstract, and studies autism spectrum disorder.
We tell whether a paper studies autism spectrum disorder from its MeSH terms, the subject headings the National Library of Medicine adds when it indexes a paper. For a paper without MeSH terms, PubTator 3, NCBI's text-mining service, has to find the disease in the title or abstract. A paper can count under more than one disease model. A paper that mentions the test only in its methods is missed, so the count runs low.
The page on autism spectrum disorder research names the subject headings we count as autism spectrum disorder. Download the test list for the search terms we used for prepulse inhibition and acoustic startle, or the paper list for the PubMed ID of every paper behind these counts. Our main page, Behavioral tests in published research, has the full method and each source's terms of use.
More tests and disease models
Every pairing of a disease model and a test with 30 or more papers from 2021 to 2025 has a page like this one.
Papers on autism spectrum disorder that mention other tests
Papers on other disease models that mention prepulse inhibition and acoustic startle
The page on prepulse inhibition and acoustic startle counts all the papers that mention it, whatever they study. The page on autism spectrum disorder research ranks the tests by their papers on autism spectrum disorder.
How to cite
APA
ConductScience. (2026, November 10). Prepulse inhibition and acoustic startle in autism spectrum disorder research [Data set]. https://conductscience.com/data/behavioral-tests/models/autism/prepulse-inhibition
BibTeX
@misc{conductscience_autism_prepulse_inhibition_2026,
author = {{ConductScience}},
title = {Prepulse inhibition and acoustic startle in autism spectrum disorder research},
year = {2026},
month = nov,
url = {https://conductscience.com/data/behavioral-tests/models/autism/prepulse-inhibition},
note = {Data set, released November 10, 2026},
}