Core laboratory techniques, protocols, and equipment fundamentals supporting experimental research across biological and behavioral sciences.
Portable and Handheld Telescopes: Introduction Telescopes have undergone significant transformations since the 17th century – or when the first refractor telescope was invented. Note that spectacle-maker Hans Lippershey was credited as the inventor of the telescope and Galileo Galilei as the scientist who pointed the telescope towards the skies. In 1668 Sir Isaac Newton created […]
I. Magnifiers: Introduction Magnifiers are defined as instruments that enlarge the size of images. Interestingly, the phenomenon of magnification was highly valued in the ancient world. In Ancient Egypt and Rome, for instance, people used crystals and gemstones to view small objects or images; the magnifying glass was also used to ignite paper. Note that […]
Need Microscopes for your Lab? Click here Digital Microscopes: An Overview From full-size units to pocket models, microscopes are complex tools that facilitate the analysis of small objects and structures across various settings, such as medicine, education, engineering, and manufacturing. Microscopes are based on the phenomenon of magnification, highly valued in the ancient world. Note […]
Binoculars are versatile tools that provide enlarged images of distant objects. Note that binoculars are made of two telescopes mounted on a single frame, which allows the use of both eyes. The design of binoculars has evolved significantly over the centuries. Although the phenomenon of magnification was highly valued in the ancient world, the first […]
Fluorescence spectrophotometry is a set of techniques that deals with the measurement of fluorescence emitted by substances when exposed to ultraviolet, visible, or other electromagnetic radiation. It has wide application in chemical and biological sciences as it can be used to analyze a biological system, by studying its interactions with fluorescent probe molecules (So and […]
Centrifugation is a useful way to separate particles using a centrifuge, and it is a method that has many applications in the life sciences, particularly in molecular biology. There are different types of centrifuges that can be used for various applications, including research into organelles and biological molecules. Theory of Centrifugation The theory behind centrifugation […]
We are routinely exposed to radiation. Simply, radiation is the propagation of energy in the form of waves or particles through material in space (Mu et al., 2018). The world is full of background radiation to which we are constantly exposed. Everything we see and hear comes to us in the form of radiation. Radiation […]
Overview of Colorimetry Colorimetry, as the name suggests, means the measurement of colors. In terms of chemical analysis, it is, more specifically, the measurement of the concentration of a particular compound (solute) in a colored solution (solvent). During scientific work, we often need to measure quantities of a particular compound in a mixture or […]
Spectroscopy refers to the interaction between electromagnetic (EM) radiation and matter as a function of its frequency or wavelength. From this, a number of quantitative and qualitative measurements defining aspects like sample concentrations, structure, chemical compositions etc, can be obtained depending on the spectroscopic technique and spectrum of EM radiation used. When EM radiation interacts […]
Need a Spectrophotometer for your Lab? Click here The spectrophotometer is a common optical device that measures the intensity of light relative to color (or wavelength). In the lab, they are used to determine how much light is absorbed by a colored chemical dissolved in the solution. This allows us to calculate the concentration or […]
Need beakers and/or flasks? Click here Acids and Bases play an important role in chemistry. We see them everywhere in our day-to-day lives, from our cleaning agents; soaps and detergents, to baking soda. Acids and bases (alkaline earth metal chemical elements) are 2 categories of corrosive substances. Any compound with a pH value between zero […]
As an Amazon Associate Conductscience Inc earns revenue from qualifying purchases Introduction Total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy (TIRFM) is a cutting-edge optical technique that excites the fluorophores in a fragile axial region to visualize the cellular events occurring close to the cell surface. The evanescent field, a near-field wave which decays in intensity […]
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